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WORK TITLE: Shooting the Sphinx
WORK NOTES:
PSEUDONYM(S):
BIRTHDATE:
WEBSITE: http://www.avramnobleludwig.com/
CITY:
STATE:
COUNTRY:
NATIONALITY:
http://us.macmillan.com/author/avramnobleludwig/ * http://thrillbegins.com/2016/07/19/debut-author-spotlight-with-avram-noble-ludwig/
RESEARCHER NOTES:
PERSONAL
Son of Salem Ludwig (stage actor) and Eulalie Noble (actor and teacher).
ADDRESS
CAREER
Producer, actor, production manager, playwright, and writer. Serves as producer, coproducer, supervising producer, or executive producer of films, including Swingers, 1996; River Red, 1998; Don’t Dance with Death (short), 1999; Fast Food Fast Women, 2000; Nightmare on AIDS Street (video short), 2000; Way Past Cool, 2000; Queenie in Love, 2001; The Monster (short), 2001; From an Objective Point of View (short), 2002; Bridget, 2002; II Angela (short), 2002; One Man’s Castle (short) 2003; Bariel y Gato (short), 2003; Otto + Anna (short), 2003; Happy End, 2003; The Root, 2003; Music (short), 2003; Mail Order Wife, 2004; The End of America (documentary), 2008; Fair Game, 2010; HairBrained, 2013; A Telephone Call (short), 2014; and Reckoning with Torture (documentary), 2016. Actor in films, including Getting In, 1994; Queenie in Love, 2001; From an Objective Point of View (short), 2001; and Music (short), 2003. Work-related activities including serving as cofounder of the Actors Studio M.F.A. Program and the School of Dramatic Arts at the New School for Social Research, where he serves on the board of directors.
AVOCATIONS:Private pilot and sailor.
WRITINGS
SIDELIGHTS
Born into a theatrical family, Avram Noble Ludwig is the son of actors and has produced more than a dozen films. His best-known film may be Swingers, the 1996 film starring John Favreau, Vince Vaughn, and Heather Graham. He is also known for his socially oriented documentaries, such as Reckoning with Torture, which focuses on the scope and cost of America’s torture program following 9/11. Ludwig is also an avid pilot and sailor and, along with a friend named Doug Liman, once rescued four people whose speedboat had been run over by a ship. Ludwig received a commendation from the commander of the New York Sector of the U.S. Coast Guard.
Ludwig’s first novel, Shooting the Sphinx, is based on his experiences working on two films in the Middle East. The 2006 film Jumper involved a shot of the Sphinx from the air, filmed while ignoring objections from the Egyptian Minister of Defense. The shot eventually led to a ban on anyone flying over the Sphinx again. The 2009 film Fair Game involved filming in Egypt, Jordan, and Baghdad, where Ludwig faced numerous risks to obtain authentic shots for the Iraqi locations of the film. The concept for Shooting the Sphinx evolved from a brawl on the film’s set due to an Egyptian producer who had been fired from the film.
“If you are shooting around the world in places that are politically unstable and you are dealing with government, you are inserted into situations that in the normal course of events you would never experience,” Ludwig told NY Daily News Online contributor Megan Cerullo. Commenting on his debut novel in an interview with the Thrill Begins Web site contributor Gwen Florio, Ludwig noted: “I wrote this book . . . as a play, then I [re]wrote it as a screenplay, but I still had more to say, so I wrote it as a book.”
Shooting the Sphinx follows a fictional film producer named Ari Basher, a legendary Hollywood filmmaker especially known for his ability to get difficult shots. Ari is excited when he has the chance to work on a big-budget film production in Egypt. The novel’s plot revolves around Ari’s attempts to get permission for a helicopter shot of the Sphinx. Ari’s problems filming in Egypt begin early on, however. His arrival in Cairo is just the beginning as he is detained for a period by customs agents who are wary of his Spacecam, an expensive and rare gyro-stabilized camera that is attached to a helicopter. As a result, Ari misses his first shoot date as he tries to get his camera through customs. Now he must obtain new permits to shoot the Sphinx, cajoling various bureaucrats and Samir, who is serving as his film liaison in Egypt. Then Ari meets some local revolutionaries, including Farah, an Egyptian professor and the gorgeous sister of Samir. Ari learns that Farah’s students are making plans to overthrow the military government. Ari soon finds himself involved in the country’s political turmoil after he helps save Farah from being raped by a group of government thugs.
As for the movie, Ari eventually gets his camera and successfully completes the filming of the Sphinx. However, his troubles continue as the film goes over budget. As a result Beth, the finance head of the studio bankrolling the film, wants to replace Samir. Ari, however, has serious concerns about Samir’s potential replacement, putting pressure on his affair with the married Beth.
A Publishers Weekly contributor noted that the producer’s issues “with foreign business partners, airlines, customs officials, and bureaucratic red tape all ring true.” In a review in Booklist, Kristine Huntley called Shooting the Sphinx ” part madcap adventure, part exploration of the modern-day Middle East,” adding that the debut novel “is a fast-paced and entertaining yarn.”
BIOCRIT
PERIODICALS
Booklist, June 1, 2016, Kristine Huntley, review of Shooting the Sphinx, p. 54.
Publishers Weekly, April 4, 2016, review of Shooting the Sphinx, p. 59.
ONLINE
Avram Noble Ludwig Home Page, http://www.avramnobleludwig.com (March 12, 2017).
Hollywood.com, http://www.hollywood.com/ (March 12, 2017), author biography and filmography.
IMDb, http://www.imdb.com/ (March 12, 2017), author filmography.
Kingston Writers Fest Web site (Kingston, Ontario, Canada), http://www.kingstonwritersfest.ca/ (March 12, 2017), author profile, 2012 festival.
NY Daily News Online, http://www.nydailynews.com/ (July 14, 2016), Megan Cerullo, “Filmmaker Avram Ludwig Pens First Novel Shooting the Sphinx, Inspired by Thrilling On-Set Adventures.”
Thrill Begins, http://thrillbegins.com/ (March 12, 2017), Gwen Florio, “Debut Author Spotlight with Avram Noble Ludwig.”
Filmmaker Avram Ludwig pens first novel ‘Shooting the Sphinx’
BY Megan Cerullo
NEW YORK DAILY NEWS
Thursday, July 14, 2016, 12:05 PM
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"Shooting the Sphinx" follows fictional producer Ari Basher on the production of a film set in Egypt.
"Shooting the Sphinx" follows fictional producer Ari Basher on the production of a film set in Egypt. (Macmillian Publishers)
An unsung filmmaking veteran is ready to play the hero.
Avram Ludwig may not be familiar to movie audiences, but his work with frequent collaborator director Doug Liman sure is.
On "Bourne Identity," he snuck shots in the middle of the night, using power secretly tapped from an outlet outside Tavern on The Green. For the sci-fi thriller "Edge of Tomorrow," Ludwig staged a mockup of the movie's final scene, trashing his own rental car as a backdrop for Tom Cruise and Emily Blunt. (Audiences may have loved it, but the rental company panned his work.)
And for the signature aerial shot of the Great Sphinx of Giza for Liman's "Jumper," Ludwig ignored warnings from the Egyptian Minister of Defense, commanding a helicopter the size of a Greyhound bus to get close to the historical landmark for a tight shot. In the process he got future pilots banned from ever flying over the Sphinx again.
Those experiences inspired Ludwig's just-released debut novel, "Shooting the Sphinx."
Producer Avram Ludwig pens debut novel "Shooting the Sphinx," inspired by on-set experiences with Doug Liman.
Producer Avram Ludwig pens debut novel "Shooting the Sphinx," inspired by on-set experiences with Doug Liman. (Eftihia Stefanidi)
"If you are shooting around the world in places that are politically unstable and you are dealing with government, you are inserted in situations that in the normal course of events you would never experience," Ludwig told the Daily News.
This time, however, Ludwig, not a Hollywood actor, is the star.
His protagonist, Ari Basher, is based on the author, and always gets the elusive and often illegal shot. "Shooting the Sphinx" follows Ludwig's Basher through production on a fictional movie shot in Egypt, where he faces the biggest challenge of his career. He needs a close up of the imperishable Sphinx. The film — and his career — depend on it.
The novel's concept sprouted from a brawl on the set of political thriller "Fair Game." Ludwig had arranged to recover a production fee from an Egyptian producer who'd been fired from the film starring Naomi Watts and Sean Penn.
Ludwig collaborated with Liman on the "Bourne Identity."
Ludwig collaborated with Liman on the "Bourne Identity."
The local man was so afraid that Ludwig, who is American, would kill him, that he hired armed bodyguards to protect him during their meeting. "The idea that I — a sort of artsy, liberal New York person — would be thought of in this way was so upsetting and shocking to me," Ludwig said. "His fear and how America is associated with death and destruction made me imagine the plot."
Not that Ludwig hasn't faced enough potential death and destruction just working with Liman, who he met on the set of Alan Alda's "Sweet Liberty," where the pair toiled as production assistants.
"I don't think I've ever heard Avram say, 'No,' or tell me it can't be done," said Liman.
"He turns to me for something that is special opps, I'm like his Jason Bourne," said Ludwig.
Ludwig risked his life to shoot a pivotal car chase scene for "Mr. and Mrs. Smith."
Ludwig risked his life to shoot a pivotal car chase scene for "Mr. and Mrs. Smith." (STEPHEN VAUGHN/AP)
When Liman wanted a shot of New York's skyline from the shoulder-less Pulaski Skyway for "Mr. and Mrs. Smith's" pivotal chase scene — in which Brad Pitt and Angelina Jolie evade attackers in a Chrysler minivan — he turned to Ludwig. The producer parked his own van, a 1983 Dodge Caravan, in the middle of an active lane of traffic, set a tripod up on its roof, and started filming, with cars screeching and swerving around him.
"If I had fallen down I would have been hit by a car, but it was the only way to get the shot from the right perspective," said Ludwig.
He's already envisioning the type of stunts he would stage if "Shooting the Sphinx" is adapted for the big screen.
"In fact we have some of the aerial footage already shot," Ludwig said.
Avram Ludwig
Producer | Actor | Production Manager
Avram Ludwig is a producer and actor, known for Swingers (1996), Fair Game (2010) and Fast Food Fast Women (2000)
Trivia (2)
Only son of Salem Ludwig.
Also has one sister, Antonia Ludwig, by Salem Ludwig, who was also an actress and is now a practicing psychotherapist.
Filmography
Jump to: Producer | Actor | Production manager | Director | Visual effects | Second Unit Director or Assistant Director | Camera and Electrical Department | Set decorator | Miscellaneous Crew | Thanks | Self
Hide Hide Producer (24 credits)
Attica (producer) (pre-production)
2016 Reckoning with Torture (Documentary) (producer)
2014 A Telephone Call (Short) (executive producer)
2013 HairBrained (producer)
2010/I Fair Game (co-producer)
2008 The End of America (Documentary) (producer)
2004 Mail Order Wife (producer)
2003 Music (Short) (co-producer)
2003/I The Root (producer)
2003 Happy End (producer)
2003 Otto+Anna (Short) (supervising producer)
2003 Gabriel y Gato (Short) (producer)
2003 One Man's Castle (Short) (supervising producer)
2002/II Angela (Short) (co-producer)
2002 Bridget (co-producer)
2002 From an Objective Point of View (Short) (producer)
2001 The Monster (Short) (producer)
2001 Queenie in Love (co-producer)
2000 Way Past Cool (co-producer)
2000 Nightmare on AIDS Street (Video short) (producer)
2000 Fast Food Fast Women (co-producer)
1999 Don't Dance with Death (Short) (producer)
1998 River Red (producer)
1996 Swingers (associate producer)
Hide Hide Actor (4 credits)
2003 Music (Short)
Alfred
2002 From an Objective Point of View (Short)
Subway Suit
2001 Queenie in Love
Priest
1994 Getting In
Officer
Hide Hide Production manager (2 credits)
2008 Jumper (international production supervisor)
1986 Disorder (assistant unit manager: New York unit)
Hide Hide Director (1 credit)
2014 A Telephone Call (Short)
Hide Hide Visual effects (1 credit)
2005 Mr. & Mrs. Smith (plate supervisor: New York)
Hide Hide Second Unit Director or Assistant Director (1 credit)
1996 Swingers (first assistant director)
Hide Hide Camera and Electrical Department (1 credit)
2013 We'll Be Cuddling Soon 1928 Bathing Suit Competition (Short) (additional photography)
Hide Hide Set decorator (1 credit)
2014 A Telephone Call (Short)
Hide Hide Miscellaneous Crew (1 credit)
1994 Inside the Actors Studio (TV Series) (production coordinator - 1 episode)
- Paul Newman (1994) ... (production coordinator - as Avram N. Ludwig)
Hide Hide Thanks (1 credit)
2013 The Square (Documentary) (the producers wish to thank)
Hide Hide Self (1 credit)
2001 A Bitter Glory (TV Movie documentary)
Himself
About Avram Ludwig
Current City and Hometown
New York, New York
Current city
New York, New York
Hometown
Favorites
Music
[Janis Ian]
Janis Ian
Movies
[Lunch with Archer King, the documentary]
Lunch with Archer King, the documentary
Avram Ludwig
Avram Ludwig is one of those rare film producers skilled in both the creative and production sides of filmmaking. Born into a theatrical family, Avram made his TV acting debut on NBC’s McCloud series and went on to create the role of Edward Brown Jr. in the world premiere of Eugene O’Neil’s newly discovered first full-length play, Bread and Butter.
Avram was one of three who created the Actors Studio MFA Program and the School of Dramatic Arts at the New School for Social Research, where he currently serves on the Board of Directors.
Noted for his collaborations with directors Doug Liman and Amos Kollek, Avram’s most notable productions include Swingers and Fair Game. He is in preproduction on George Orwell’s first novel, Burmese Days, to be shot on location in the Far East, starring Ralph Fiennes, and he is developing Attica, Attica! about the famed prison insurrection in Upstate New York in 1971. Recently, he directed the successful political commercial, “America the Beautiful,” against the Ryan Plan to privatize Medicare, depicting Paul Ryan throwing Grandma off the cliff. He is also producer of Doug Liman’s film Reckoning With Torture, in which ordinary Americans stand side-by-side with actors, writers, and former military interrogators and intelligence officers in a reading of official documents that reveal the scope and cost of America’s post-9/11 torture program.
Avram brings to Kingston WritersFest his production of The End of America, based on Naomi Wolf’s bestseller about the loss of civil liberties. Avram was arrested last October along with Naomi Wolf when police attempted to clear the street outside an awards ceremony where Occupy Wall Street protesters were rallying
AVRAM NOBLE LUDWIG is a film producer, a director, and a playwright. Born into a theatrical family, he has produced over a dozen films and serves on the Board of Directors of the Actors Studio in New York. Shooting the Sphinx is his first novel.
Avram Ludwig
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Filmography
Producer (11)
HairBrained 2014 (Movie)
(Producer)
Fair Game 2010 (Movie)
(Co-Producer)
The End of America 2008 (Movie)
(Producer)
Mail Order Wife 2005 (Movie)
(Producer)
Nowhere To Go But UP 2003 (Movie)
(Co-Producer)
Way Past Cool 2003 (Movie)
(Co-Producer)
Beirut 2002 (Movie)
(Co-Producer)
Fast Food, Fast Women 2001 (Movie)
(Co-Producer)
Queenie in Love 2001 (Movie)
(Co-Producer)
River Red 1998 (Movie)
(Producer)
Swingers 1996 (Movie)
(Associate Producer)
Production Management (5)
Jumper 2008 (Movie)
International Production Supervisor (Production Supervisor)
River Red 1998 (Movie)
(Assistant Director)
Inside the Actors Studio 1994 - 1997 (Tv Show)
Production Coordinator
Swingers 1996 (Movie)
(Assistant Director)
By the People: The Election of Barack Obama (TV Show)
Field Producer
Actor (1)
Mail Order Wife 2005 (Movie)
Lawyer (Actor)
Visual Effects & Animation (1)
Mr. & Mrs. Smith 2005 (Movie)
Plate Supervisor (Visual Effects)
ABOUT ME
IBorn into a theatrical family, Avram grew up back stage and on sets. His father worked frequently with Elia Kazan and Arthur Miller. His mother, Eulalie Noble, was pregnant with him during the first production of Shakespeare in the Park. On the eve of the first public performance, she fell backwards from the second story of the set onto the stage, but Avram hung in there and waited several years to make his theatrical debut. Avram originated the role of Richard Ashleigh, in the world premiere of Eugene O’Neil’s lost play, NOW I ASK YOU, at the Provincetown Playhouse in Greenwich Village. Avram has produced over a dozen films including the “indie” sensation, SWINGERS, with John Favreau, Vince Vaughn and Heather Graham. He has worked frequently with director Doug Liman. Avram has shot four projects in the Middle East. In 2006, while working on the action movie “Jumper” Avram shot a helicopter shot of the Sphinx. And in 2009, for the movie “Fair Game,” Avram returned to Egypt to film in multiple locations, then filming as well in Jordan then Baghdad while wearing a bullet-proof vest to get authentic shots for the film’s Iraq locations. Avram’s experiences on those two films are basis for the story of SHOOTING THE SPHINX, his debut novel. An avid private pilot and sailor, Avram and his friend Doug Liman rescued four people from the water after their speedboat had been run over by a ship in the middle of the night. Avram received a commendation from the commander of the New York Sector of the Coast Guard. Avram serves on the Board of Directors of the prestigious Actors Studio in New York, the American home of Method Acting, and has helped to run the Playwright/Directors Unit there, working with writers to develop their plays. Avram’s play based on his novel, HOW TO MAKE A TERRORIST is currently being workshopped at the Actors Studio as well as a play adaptation of SHOOTING THE SPHINX.
Debut Author Spotlight with Avram Noble Ludwig
By Gwen Florio
Avram Noble Ludwig’s debut novel SHOOTING THE SPHINX boasts the kind of blurb—“a fast-paced and gripping tale”—you’d expect on a thriller. The blurb’s source, not so much.
It’s from former U.S. Ambassador to Niger Joseph Wilson, who—along with his wife, former CIA operative Valerie Plame—is the subject of the 2010, Ludwig-produced film Fair Game, starring Naomi Watts and Sean Penn.
Ludwig has a long list of film credits, both as producer and actor, and is also a playwright. So when he focused his considerable experience on a novel about a filmmaker who gets caught up in the events leading to the mass demonstrations in Cairo’s Tahrir Square, it was a slam-dunk, right?
“I sent it to my agent,” he said. “She wasn’t crazy about it.”
He ended up shopping the novel himself, pitching it to a friend’s editor at a book signing. Ten days later, he had a contract with Forge for SHOOTING THE SPHINX, which takes its title from his protagonist’s attempts to get permission for a helicopter shot of the Sphinx.
Recently, while sailing in New York Harbor—“Brooklyn the right of me, New Jersey to the left of me”—Ludwig answered questions by phone about writing in general, and SHOOTING THE SPHINX in particular. Some of his thoughts:
Early attempts at novels:
When I got out of college, I spent three and a half years writing a novel. It was agony. Every chapter was like childbirth. It was fairly long and very pretentious. Even now I can’t open any random page and read any sentence without wanting to vomit. It’s so stilted. I showed it to some friends of my father who were in publishing and they said, “Put it aside and write something else.” So I did [put it aside]—but I didn’t write anything else. … After my father died, I started to noodle with another novel. It wasn’t great, and I rewrote it. … My agent sent it out but nobody bought it. Then I wrote this book [SHOOTING THE SPHINX] as a play, then I [re]wrote it as a screenplay, but I still had more to say, so I wrote it as a book.
His writing process:
I have no regular method of writing. I write anywhere and everywhere on a laptop that I take all over the place. I do get in the zone. There’ll be times when I’m kind of like a drug addict. I’m not like Graham Greene, writing from 9 a.m. to 11 a.m.; I will write sometimes until I realize I haven’t eaten. So, when I get into it, I find that it’s best for me to be cut off from world. I don’t care about anything else, just writing. Everything else in my life falls apart when I’m in that mode.
[Before starting a novel] I’ll think about it and think about it and think about a story, about what happens, then I’ll hit some sort of tipping point, where I know everything that’s going to happen, all the big strokes, and I can’t not write it. All of a sudden, it’s no longer a voluntary process. I can’t stop till it’s done.
Being in Egypt and the Middle East during a time of dynamic change:
I was there when the war [in Iraq] was going on and I felt like there was an underlying quality to everything; that it [the war] was the thing that no one could forget. It was always, “What’s America up to?” A sort of distrust pervaded everything. … There was this kind of moment when the Arab Spring started, when Obama came to Cairo University and people saw the opposite of George Bush being there.
On actually “shooting” the Sphinx:
Giza sweeps up into a plateau with the pyramids at top and the Sphinx at bottom. Up near Great Pyramid there’s a bus parking lot, so you could have 100 buses there, with people getting off and on. At the moment [the helicopter from which they were filming] hit that rise, we were pretty low over buses and it was just like a sandstorm, hundreds of people getting completely sandstormed. After that day, they said no one will ever be allowed to shoot the Sphinx from a helicopter again.
Ludwig recently signed a contract for his second novel, based on the life of Barry Seal, a pilot and gunrunner for the CIA, who became the biggest cocaine smuggler in American history.
He still makes movies. Clearly, he doesn’t need to write novels. But he’ll tell you that he does need to, for reasons that might make sense only to other writers.
Writing a play, he said, is like a team sport; a film, “a gigantic business.”
“But a novel, it’s just yours, it’s only you.”
AVRAM NOBLE LUDWIG is a film producer, a director, and a playwright. Born into a theatrical family, he has produced over a dozen films and serves on the Board of Directors of the Actors Studio in New York. SHOOTING THE SPHINX is his first novel.
Shooting the Sphinx
Kristine Huntley
112.19-20 (June 1, 2016): p54.
Copyright: COPYRIGHT 2016 American Library Association
http://www.ala.org/ala/aboutala/offices/publishing/booklist_publications/booklist/booklist.cfm
Shooting the Sphinx. By Avram Noble Ludwig. June 2016.320p. Forge, $26.99 (9780765381132).
Producer Ari Basher is elated to be heading to Cairo to get a close-up shot of the Sphinx for the latest film he's producing. But as Ari soon finds out, nothing about filming a movie in Egypt is simple. When he arrives in Cairo, his SpaceCam is held up by customs, forcing him to miss his shoot date. As he struggles to get his camera released and to get the permits for a new shoot date, he must find a way to appease multiple bureaucrats as well as his local film liaison, Samir. Ari's efforts start to pay off, but he finds himself distracted by a group of revolutionaries, which includes Samir's beautiful sister, Farah. Once Ari gets his historic scene of the Sphinx, more problems await: the film is over budget and the finance head of the studio, Ari's married lover, Beth, wants to replace Samir with a man Ari doesn't trust at all. Part madcap adventure, part exploration of the modern-day Middle East, Ludwig's debut political thriller is a fast-paced and entertaining yarn.--Kristine Huntley
Source Citation (MLA 8th Edition)
Huntley, Kristine. "Shooting the Sphinx." Booklist, 1 June 2016, p. 54. General OneFile, go.galegroup.com/ps/i.do?p=ITOF&sw=w&u=schlager&v=2.1&id=GALE%7CA456094153&it=r&asid=f0c2ea802ad06302c454b1b6e4f174a0. Accessed 4 Feb. 2017.
Gale Document Number: GALE|A456094153
Shooting the Sphinx
263.14 (Apr. 4, 2016): p59.
Copyright: COPYRIGHT 2016 PWxyz, LLC
http://www.publishersweekly.com/
Shooting the Sphinx
Avram Noble Ludwig. Forge, $26.99 (320p)
ISBN 978-0-7653-8113-2
Ludwig's exciting first novel draws on his experience as an assistant director in Egypt in 2005 filming the Sphinx from a helicopter for the science fiction film Jumper. In 2011, Hollywood producer Ari Basher comes to Cairo with his crew to film the Sphinx for a big-budget thriller movie, but he must first get government permission to fly a helicopter close to the ancient monument. Meanwhile, Ari becomes friendly with Farah, an Egyptian professor whose students are seeking to overthrow the military government. What started out as a straightforward assignment rapidly evolves into a bewildering and dangerous situation that draws Ari into the country's chaotic political struggle. Ari's problems with foreign business partners, airlines, customs officials, and bureaucratic red tape all ring true, though readers should be prepared for some awkward prose ("The businessman faltered, dazed by the radiance of Ari's confident exuberance"). Agent: Richard Abate, 3 Arts Entertainment. (June)
Source Citation (MLA 8th Edition)
"Shooting the Sphinx." Publishers Weekly, 4 Apr. 2016, p. 59+. General OneFile, go.galegroup.com/ps/i.do?p=ITOF&sw=w&u=schlager&v=2.1&id=GALE%7CA448902685&it=r&asid=e205efd0ac95c9fa653fcd58fd50b10b. Accessed 4 Feb. 2017.
Gale Document Number: GALE|A448902685