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WORK TITLE: Captivating Westerns
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BIRTHDATE: 10/24/1965
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http://www.montana.edu/english/faculty/kollin-susan.html
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LC control no.: n 2001031003
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rda
Personal name heading:
Kollin, Susan
Birth date: 1965-10-24
Affiliation: Montana State University
Profession or occupation:
College professor
Found in: Kollin, Susan. Nature's state, 2001: CIP t.p. (Susan
Kollin) publisher info (assistant professor of English,
Montana State University)
A history of western American literature, 2015: ECIP
(edited by Susan Kollin) data view (birth date:
10/24/1965)
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Questions? Contact: ils@loc.gov
PERSONAL
Born October 24, 1965.
EDUCATION:University of Michigan, B.A.; University of Minnesota, M.A., Ph.D.
ADDRESS
CAREER
Writer and professor. Montana State University, professor, 1995-; College of Letters and Science Distinguished Professor, 2011-. Western Lands and Peoples Initiative, director.
AWARDS:Fulbright Scholar, American University in Cairo; Betty Coffey Award, 2009; Thomas J. Lyon Book Award, Western Literature Association, for Captivating Westerns.
WRITINGS
SIDELIGHTS
Susan Kollin is an English professor and a College of Letters and Science Distinguished Professor at Montana State University. Kollin’s research and teaching focuses on western American literature and film, transnational American studies, environmental humanities, and feminist theory. She has been teaching at Montana State since 1995 and was named College of Letters and Science Distinguished Professor in 2011.
Kollin attended college at the University of Michigan at Ann Arbor, where she received a B.A. in English. She received her M.A. and Ph.D. in English from the University of Minnesota at the Twin Cities. Kollin was a Fulbright Scholar at the American University in Cairo and is director of the Western Lands and Peoples Initiative.
Kollin has published four books, Nature’s State: Imagining Alaska as the Last Frontier; Postwestern Cultures: Literature, Theory, Space; A History of Western American Literature; and, most recently, Captivating Westerns: The Middle East in the American West. In 2009, Kollin received the Betty Coffey Award for her work on issues faced by MSU’s female undergraduate students. She also earned the Thomas J. Lyon Book Award from the Western Literature Association for Captivating Westerns.
Postwestern Cultures
Postwestern Cultures, edited by Kollin, is a series of essays that examine the shifting and expanding identities of the modern western United States. The essays in Postwestern Cultures present the perspectives of those within the West as well as those looking in. The book is split into three sections, “Newer New Wests,” “Nature and Culture,” and “Contested Wests.” The essays that populate “Newer New Wests” explore the West’s identity within modern culture. The role of technology is considered in reference to the West, specifically Seattle, Silicon Valley, and Las Vegas, in exploring the ways in which the West has entered into global capitalism. One essay discusses the transformation of the surfer girl image, while another explores the relationships between real and imagined spaces within the West.
The second two sections, “Nature and Culture” and “Contested Wests,” focus on material rather than exploring concepts about culture. Essays in “Nature and Culture” suggest that the traditional concepts of western identities run, at times, contradictory to historical fact. The tropes of the West are insufficient in representing the complexities and intersectionality that western culture actually encompasses. An example of this contradiction is cited in one essay, in which the frontier myth is put in juxtaposition to the experiences of Japanese Americans in World War II internment camps.
The writers of this set of essays use historical examples paired with theories about space and literature to deconstruct the traditional identity of the West. Donna Campbell in Great Plains Quarterly wrote that Postwestern Cultures’ “interesting and insightful essays provide ways to construct the region not as a static but as a fluid entity.”
Captivating Westerns
Captivating Westerns focuses on the trope of the western American cowboy and how this character’s appeal and familiarity has provided justification for invasions into the Middle East. Kollin argues that the justification of the American Western cowboy to eradicate Native Americans in the fight for democracy has been mirrored by the wars on and invasions into the Middle East. She suggests that the Middle East is the new territory to be conquered. Justification can be found, she explains, through the cowboy tradition, which argues that the American military is justified in pursuing conquests in the Middle East for the sake of upholding democracy, therefore validating military conquests.
Kollin presents her argument through the works of others, examining essays and literature and film created by individuals who both support and oppose American involvement in Middle Eastern affairs. She takes material from a broad range of sources, including Mark Twain and a Saudi-Kuwaiti singer, and links seemingly unrelated works to support her argument. A.S. Newson-Horst in Choice: Current Reviews for Academic Libraries stated, “Interdisciplinary border crossing is a refreshing alternative, providing perspectives that challenge settler/colonial legitimacy.”
BIOCRIT
PERIODICALS
Choice: Current Reviews for Academic Libraries, June, 2016, A.S. Newson-Horst, review of Captivating Westerns: The Middle East in the American West, p. 1464; September, 2016, J.W. Moffett, review of A History of Western American Literature, p. 54.
Chronicle of Higher Education, October 26, 2001, Peter Monaghan, “A Scholar Examines the Accuracy of the Meanings That Have Been Assigned to Alaska,” review of Nature’s State: Imagining Alaska as the Last Frontier.
Great Plains Quarterly, January 1, 2009, Donna Campbell, review of Postwestern Cultures: Literature, Theory, Space, p. 160.
Pacific Historical Review, November, 2016, Carl Abbott, review of Captivating Westerns, p. 619.
Western American Literature, 2009, Alex Hunt, review of Postwestern Cultures, p. 81.
Susan Kollin
Department of English
Kollin portrait
Distinguished Professor Lecture
Date: Thursday, January 26, 2012
Place: Procrastinator Theater, Strand Union Building
Time: 4:10 PM
Title: On the “Ragged Margins” of History: Burdens of Truth and National Identity in the Post-9/11 American Novel
Summary
Dr. Kollin will trace developments in the post-9/11 novel, an emerging subgenre of American literature, for the ways it foregrounds problems related to trauma, difference and conflict. By examining the questions, concerns and insights explored in contemporary U.S. fiction, she offers a case for the increased value and importance of literary and cultural studies for the 21st century.
About the speaker
Kollin has taught at MSU since 1995. She is a national and international theorist and critic in the areas of western American literature and film, environmental criticism and feminist theory. Kollin has challenged the definition of the American West in her book "Nature’s State," and an edited collection of essays," Postwestern Cultures: Literature, Theory and Space." She is currently on sabbatical and working on a new book.
Kollin named MSU Letters & Science Distinguished Professor
October 13, 2011
MSU English professor Susan Kollin has been named the newest Letters and Science Distinguished Professor. MSU photo by Kelly Gorham. High-Res Available
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Susan Kollin, professor in the Montana State University Department of English, has been appointed as the newest Letters and Science Distinguished Professor.
The appointment was made in recognition of Kollin's contributions to the college, to MSU and to the scholarly community at large, said Paula Lutz, dean of the MSU College of Letters and Science. The appointment is for three years. Kollin will give a public lecture during the 2012 spring semester.
Kollin has taught in the MSU Department of English since 1995. She has established herself as a leading national and international theorist and critic in the areas of western American literature and film, environmental criticism and feminist theory.
Kollin has published a book "Nature's State," and an edited collection of essays, "Postwestern Cultures: Literature, Theory and Space," that have challenged the definition of the American West.
Lutz said that Kollin also excels in the classroom by developing engaging and challenging curricula and incorporating her extensive research into the classroom experience. Kollin was a co-founder of the Middle East Partnership Initiative program at MSU, a six-week international cultural exchange that brings students from the Middle East and North Africa to the U.S. She also spent 10 months teaching at the American University in Cairo as a Fulbright lecturer.
In 2009, Kollin received the Betty Coffey Award in recognition of her work on issues and problems faced by MSU's female undergraduate students. She is currently on sabbatical for the 2011-2012 academic year, working on a new book.
Susan Kollin
Professor
susan photo
Ph.D. University of Minnesota
Office: Wilson 2-291
Phone: 406-994-5184
E-Mail:susan.kollin@montana.edu
Office Hours: T R 3:00 - 4:00; or by appt.
Susan Kollin is Professor of English and a CLS Distinguished Professor. She received her MA and PhD in English from the University of Minnesota at the Twin Cities and her AB in English from the University of Michigan at Ann Arbor. Her research and teaching interests include western American literature and film, transnational American Studies, environmental humanities, and feminist theory. Professor Kollin was a Fulbright Scholar at the American University in Cairo and is a former President of the Western Literature Association. She is currently the Director of the Western Lands and Peoples Initiative.
Books
A History of Western American Literature, ed. Susan Kollin. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2015.
Captivating Westerns: The Middle East in the American West. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 2015. (Winner of the Thomas J. Lyon Book Award from the Western Literature Association).
Postwestern Cultures: Literature, Theory, Space, ed. Susan Kollin. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 2007.
Nature’s State: Imagining Alaska as the Last Frontier. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2001 (Named a 2002 Choice Outstanding Academic Title).
Recent Articles and Book Chapters
“Environments of the American West,” forthcoming in The Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Literature, editor-in-chief, Paula Rabinowitz. Oxford: Oxford University Press (11,000-word essay).
“Writing Nature: The American West and the Literature of Environmental Consciousness,” The Cambridge Companion to the Literature of the American West, ed. Steven Frye. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2016, pp. 59-72.
“Alaska Native Literature,” The Routledge Companion to Native American Literature, ed. Deborah L. Madsen. New York: Routledge, 2016, pp. 28-38.
“Not Yet Another World: Ecopolitics and Urban Natures in Jonathan Lethem’s Chronic City,” LIT: Literature, Interpretation, Theory 26: 4 (2015): 255-75.
“Sergio Leone in Piazza Tahrir: Riconfigurazioni del Western prima e dopo la Primavera Araba,” translation of “Sergio Leone at Tahrir Square: Reframing the Western Before and After the Arab Spring,” Ácoma: Rivista Internazionale Di Studi Nordamericani.Special issue on“‘Impero Seduttore’: Il soft power nelle relazioni Stati Uniti,” ed. Benedetta Calandra and Erminio Corti. (2015), 112-27. www.acoma.it/sites/default/files/pdf-articoli/47.10.pdf
“On the ‘Ragged Margins’ of History: Burdens of Truth and National Identity in Ana Menéndez’s The Last War,” Studies in American Fiction 40: 1 (Spring 2013): 131-53.
“North to Alaska and Other Bad Trips in T.C. Boyle’s Drop City,” Genre: Forms of Discourse and Culture 45: 2 (Summer 2012): 329-50.
A History of western American literature
J.W. Moffett
54.1 (Sept. 2016): p54.
Copyright: COPYRIGHT 2016 American Library Association CHOICE
http://www.ala.org/acrl/choice/about
A History of western American literature, ed. by Susan Kollin. Cambridge, 2016. 413p bibl index ISBN 9781107083851 cloth, $99.99; ISBN 9781316018439 ebook, contact publisher for price
(cc) 54-0098
PS271
2015-16876 CIP
Invigorated by a number of fresh approaches that Kollin (Montana State Univ., Bozeman) cites in her introduction--e.g., diaspora studies, Pacific Rim studies, postcolonialism, and regionalism--this collection offers a series of valuable interventions in the expanding secondary work on literature of the American West. Treating a wide gamut of literature--understood broadly--and approaches, the book includes essays on topics ranging from detective fiction, Beat literature, and cinema to queer theory. This emphasis on the heterogeneous nature of Western writing allows for multiple cultural vantage points--indigenous, Hispanic, Asian American, African American--and the reader thus gains an appropriately broad appreciation of the great variety of works that constitute "Western" literature. The essays, which tend to be brief, focus on summary rather than analysis. Therefore, the book's greatest strength is breadth, not depth, and it will prove excellent background reading for those interested in diversity in American literature or, of course, Western literature overall. The writing throughout is lively and accessible. Summing Up: *** Highly recommended. Lower-and upper-division undergraduates; general readers.--J. W. Moffett, Kentucky State University
Source Citation (MLA 8th Edition)
Moffett, J.W. "A History of western American literature." CHOICE: Current Reviews for Academic Libraries, Sept. 2016, p. 54. General OneFile, go.galegroup.com/ps/i.do?p=ITOF&sw=w&u=schlager&v=2.1&id=GALE%7CA462686092&it=r&asid=1453375366518cdf0594364955e7b5a1. Accessed 14 May 2017.
Gale Document Number: GALE|A462686092
Kollin, Susan: Captivating Westerns: the Middle East in the American West
A.S. Newson-Horst
53.10 (June 2016): p1464.
Copyright: COPYRIGHT 2016 American Library Association CHOICE
http://www.ala.org/acrl/choice/about
Kollin, Susan. Captivating Westerns: the Middle East in the American West. Nebraska, 2015. 276p bibl index afp ISBN 9780803226999 cloth, $55.00; ISBN 9780803286634 ebook, contact publisher for price
53-4229
PS271
2015-17650 CIP
The American West is celebrated in fiction and other genres principally because it recalls a time of self-reliance, rugged individualism, moral codes, and freedom to explore the frontier, among other idealized notions. What is often notably absent is the cost at which these ideals were achieved. The present volume is a richly rendered analysis of the transnational cowboy in the Middle East as he appears in film, fiction, memoir, and other media. The motif of Western eradication of American Indian civilizations (in favor of freedom, democracy, wealth) has been supplanted to new territory (the Middle East) and is often used to validate military savagery. According to Kollin (English, Montana State Univ.), works that observe conventions of the Western captivity narrative help characters make sense of American military presence in unfamiliar regions and of the new enemy in the war on terror. Some works celebrate American efforts to restore order and democracy across a global terrain; others cast doubt on such action. Kollin achieves admirable success in linking seemingly disparate bodies of scholarship. Interdisciplinary border crossing is a refreshing alternative, providing perspectives that challenge settler/colonial legitimacy. Immensely accessible and masterfully executed, this is a wonderful addition to Middle Eastern, Western American, and cross-cultural criticism/studies in general. Summing Up: *** Highly recommended. Upper-division undergraduates through faculty.--A. S. Newson-Horst, Morgan State University
Newson-Horst, A.S.
Source Citation (MLA 8th Edition)
Newson-Horst, A.S. "Kollin, Susan: Captivating Westerns: the Middle East in the American West." CHOICE: Current Reviews for Academic Libraries, June 2016, p. 1464+. General OneFile, go.galegroup.com/ps/i.do?p=ITOF&sw=w&u=schlager&v=2.1&id=GALE%7CA454942640&it=r&asid=3c588c08a6962efda438bd2e2a8922d4. Accessed 14 May 2017.
Gale Document Number: GALE|A454942640
A Scholar Examines the Accuracy of the Meanings That Have Been Assigned to Alaska
48.09 (Oct. 26, 2001):
Copyright: COPYRIGHT 2001 Chronicle of Higher Education, Inc.
http://chronicle.com/section/About-the-Chronicle/83
Byline: Peter Monaghan
When the Exxon Valdez spilled millions of gallons of oil into Alaska's Prince William Sound in March 1989,newspapers nationwide ran photographs of seals struggling to breathe and seabirds weighed down with oil on the blackened shoreline. The coverage suggested that the catastrophic event was a singular one.
The spill was, of course, devastating to wildlife and to the Alaskan economy. It threatened something else as well, says one scholar: the national myth that Alaska was a pristine wilderness, uncontaminated by human activity. In her new book, Nature's State: Imagining Alaska as the Last Frontier (University of North Carolina Press), Susan Kollin examines how accurate the meanings and values assigned to Alaska have been.
Looking at the Exxon Valdez incident is a good way to start answering that question, says Ms. Kollin, an associate professor of English at Montana State University at Bozeman. Far from unique, the 11-million-gallon oil spill was not much beyond business as usual. Prince William Sound had suffered some 400 spills since the 1970s, when oil began to be transported from Alaska's North Slope to the port of Valdez. And the sound had been significantly altered by 200 years of intensive logging, mining, and whaling.
Such issues are of more than environmental and scholarly concern for Ms. Kollin. She grew up in Juneau in the 1970s, at the foot of a mountain within walking distance of a glacier bigger than Rhode Island. She remembers elementary-school lessons about the construction of the 800-mile Trans-Alaska Pipeline. "We get to have it all, both wilderness and industrial development," was the message.
Now, far from the 49th state, Ms. Kollin remains close in spirit, in a part of Montana where winters recall those back home. After earning a doctorate at the University of Minnesota, she came to Bozeman in 1995 to teach the literature of the American West, women's studies, environmental studies, and multicultural literature. All of those fields contribute to Nature's State, in which the approaches of environmental studies and cultural studies merge. Even though both fields have been influenced by such works as Raymond Williams's 1973 The Country and The City, until recently cultural studies has analyzed urban topics -- music, fashion, film -- while environmental studies has focused on the West, and on wilderness.
Ms. Kollin is among a handful of recent scholars to point out that nature itself "is a product of knowledge, something that is not just out there to be found." While environmental writing tends to celebrate nature as a regenerative force, at times even suggesting that it "somehow remains beyond or outside ideology," she favors exploring the often-unconscious notions that underpin such thinking.
"Popular understandings of Alaska as a wilderness area of Last Frontier," she writes, "actually share a great deal with other national narratives about the environment, especially with myths about the limitless abundance of the North American landscape."
That Alaska remains tied to beliefs about national identity was apparent in the increased tourism that followed the spill, she writes. "News coverage made travelers more anxious to visit the Last Frontier," showing "how frontier nostalgia and the yearning for natural plenitude continue to shape responses to North American landscapes."
In an era when issues like oil drilling and wilderness management remain in dispute, both this new book and Alaska itself "will continue to raise significant questions," says Melody Graulich, a professor of English at Utah State University who edits the Journal of Western American Literature.
Few other scholars, Ms. Graulich says, have attempted to read across a variety of cultural expressions, including news reports, novels, films, and television series, to reveal how thinking about one region relates to the way a nation defines itself.
Ms. Kollin's approach has not gone unnoticed; last week, the Western Literature Association awarded her its annual essay prize for an essay that she published last year, which became a chapter in her book.
The two notions of Alaska as at once a wilderness to preserve and a frontier to be exploited are not antithetical, Ms. Kollin argues, but mutually sustaining.
Resolving the dualism entails overcoming a "master narrative," which holds that "nature is a pure space where we come into contact with our true selves," she says. For a start, she points out, the way most people live in Alaska requires gas, electricity, and other modern conveniences, all of which drain the environment.
And concepts like "pristine" and "wild," are, after all, relative terms. Even in the late 18th century, the British explorers James Cook and George Vancouver bemoaned Alaska's fall from grace -- the natives had already accrued a surplus of some European goods through trade, and soon the Prince William Sound region was heavily logged, wildlife stocks were depleted, and merchants' ships dotted the coast.
Similarly, in the 1880s, John Muir, the naturalist and founder of the Sierra Club, depicted Alaska as "the New World's new world," but by the turn of the century he could complain about the effects of tourism, lamenting that "many turned from the great thundering world of ice to look curiously at the Indians that came alongside to sell trinkets."
As recently as 1996, the writer Jon Krakauer's Into The Wild portrayed the lonesome death of a young man, Chris McCandless, who in the process of venturing deep into the Alaska wilderness became ill and disoriented, then perished in the cold. Yet, says Ms. Kollin, "for a lot of Alaskans, where Chris McCandless ended up wasn't wild. He ended up just right outside a clearly well-trafficked area outside Denali, in a little bus."
By now, of course, Alaska is a "diverse space," she says, because of such demographic trends as white flight from the Lower 48 in the 1960s and '70s. So any generalizations about the state -- such as that Alaskans love the outdoors and are closer to nature -- are bound to be inaccurate or partial. Even keen-eyed observers have been surprised by Alaska's changing demography, she says. The writer John McPhee, for example, noted that the state's oil boom had produced a new class of "business smart" natives. They unsettled him, says Ms. Kollin, "because of their increased mobility and access to the outside world."
The notion of an unsullied Alaska, dating back to early literary depictions, has been integral to its creation as a conquerable frontier. Muir, for example, while an avid collector and curator of the region's exotic specimens, was hardly an advocate of leaving the wild wild. He "campaigned for the careful management of nature through a preservationist ethics that involved managing the 'scenic resources' of a region," Ms. Kollin writes. Like hikers, scouts, and mountaineers, along with latter-day back-to-nature advocates, figures like Muir were complicit in the very logic of development they criticized, she suggests, because they "took part in transforming 'natural' areas into social landscapes." In fact, both tourism and nature writing have often indulged an appetite for hunting out the exotic and imagining oneself venturing into uncharted regions, in what one critic has called a kind of "remapping."
Both have much in common, then, with the remapping that the United States attempted as part of its imperial reach, Ms. Kollin says. She notes that in 1867, when U.S. Secretary of State William H. Seward purchased Alaska from Russia, his goal was to secure the first part of a marketing base and security perimeter that would extend from the Arctic to Latin America. But his attempt to annex British Columbia was unsuccessful. "The separation between Alaska and the rest of the country," Ms. Kollin writes, "points to a failed moment in this particular expansionist project."
At the beginning of the 20th century, she argues, many popular authors, like Jack London in Call of the Wild (1903), encouraged the climate of expansionism by symbolically carving out "new terrain in which to play out their Western dramas of expansion and conquest," often under the guise of conservationism. In his writings, she suggests, the Northern wilderness was unclaimed space for conquest by heroes in his own image, and it stood for all of the lands subject to American imperialist aspirations.
In similar fashion, Ms. Kollin cites recent cultural-studies readings of the way that early Disney nature films not only pandered to white, middle-class appetites for an idealized nature, but also were "transparent allegories of progress," as one author put it, emphasizing spring and rebirth and resonating with the joys of exploration.
Many expressions of American culture are inadequate to the reality of Alaska, but Ms. Kollin suggests that others are more nuanced.
She takes heart in the way that two related approaches -- the writings of the environmental-justice movement and literary works by Alaska Native writers -- show how humans may blind themselves to the needs of both the land and other people by formulating self-serving ideas about it.
Advocates of environmental justice, she argues, "remind us of how narrowly defined environmentalism has been." Asking such questions as why African-American neighborhoods are more likely to suffer water pollution, their implication is that "even the nature that needs to be saved is so narrowly defined, and is a luxury for certain privileged folk."
Native Alaskan writing has a kindred perspective, Ms. Kollin says. She cites the work of Richard Nelson, an anthropologist who lived with the Koyukon Athabascans for many years. In The Island Within (Vintage Press, 1989), he aimed "to dismantle the nature/culture dualism that shapes Euro-American responses to the wilderness," she says. He writes, for example, of the Koyukon belief "that the forest trees are not inanimate objects but actually feel, hear, and sense one's presence among them." So, she says, "the ideal of the solitary individual seeking solace in an uninhabited nature makes little sense for the Koyukon."
Many critics have noted that writing which presents nature as self-regulating and independent of humans "contributes to the erasure of indigenous people in the land," she says. That phenomenon was apparent in mainstream news-media reports of the Exxon Valdez spill, in which the nearby Aleut villagers of Tatilek, who depend on the sea for food, were "particularly absent."
She analyzes the work of three Alaska Native poets, Nora Marks Dauenhauer, Robert Davis, and Mary TallMountain, whose ideas about environmentalism offer an alternative to the popular appetite for claiming Alaska for nation-building, glory, and self-promotion.
"While white Alaskans or white Americans want to go back to some kind of pristine wilderness experience," she writes, "a lot of Alaska Natives know that there is no going back, and in order for their culture to endure, they have to negotiate changes."
Talking about wilderness as "constructed" has its dangers, Ms. Kollin acknowledges. Observers like the poet Gary Snyder have said that environmental activists and postmodern theorists, who question that nature and wilderness are givens, are indistinguishable from the "Wise Use" movement, which used, in his words, a "pseudo-environmental rhetoric" to mask a "pro-development agenda."
She counters, however, that failing to scrutinize terms like "wilderness" or "Last Frontier" is to "remain firmly within the clutches of a way of thinking that has proven to be an environmental dead end."
That is true, she believes, for one of the hot-button topics in environmentalism, the fate of northern Alaska's Arctic National Wildlife Refuge. The terrorist attacks on September 11, she realizes, may lead to increased calls for drilling there. "That is unfortunate," she says, "because it's not going to help the energy crisis or get us out of the problems we're in. We need to develop other fuel sources, and other forms of power."
The stakes are high, she says, and pose a real-world test for the environmental/cultural-studies approach. Concern over the national oil supply, she writes, "has re-emerged as a politically useful argument for oil companies." For them, the big picture "is not about opening [the refuge] to development but, rather, opening sites along the coast of Alaska, in the Gulf of Mexico, and in the Rocky Mountains West."
But environmentalists, too, must take stock of the way they choose to construe Alaska, she argues. In focusing on the refuge, they risk ignoring other equally jeopardized sites. The refuge, she notes, "itself is a discursive construction. It's a mythic space, and a mythic rallying cry."
By Peter Monaghan
Source Citation (MLA 8th Edition)
"A Scholar Examines the Accuracy of the Meanings That Have Been Assigned to Alaska." The Chronicle of Higher Education, 26 Oct. 2001. General OneFile, go.galegroup.com/ps/i.do?p=ITOF&sw=w&u=schlager&v=2.1&id=GALE%7CA146948791&it=r&asid=6370b6c78f5b061f3185a8611ca4884a. Accessed 14 May 2017.
Gale Document Number: GALE|A146948791