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WORK TITLE: Dynasties
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PSEUDONYM(S): Duindam, Jeroen Frans Jozef
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CITY: Leiden
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COUNTRY: Netherlands
NATIONALITY: Dutch
https://www.universiteitleiden.nl/en/staffmembers/jeroen-duindam#tab-1 * http://newbooksnetwork.com/jeroen-duindam-dynasties-a-global-history-of-power-1300-1800-cambridge-up-2015/ * http://www.hum.leiden.edu/international-studies/meet-our-lecturers/prof-dr-jeroen-duindam-.html * http://www.nias.knaw.nl/fellows/year-group-2014-15/duindam-jeroen
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Notes
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Table of contents for Vienna and Versailles : the courts of Europe’s major dynastic rivals, ca. 1550-1780 / Jeroen Duindam.
Bibliographic record and links to related information available from the Library of Congress catalog
Part I. Prelude: 1. Introduction
2. The household on the eve of the early modern age
Part II. Contours: 3. Numbers and costs
4. Status and income
Part III. Court Life: 5. A calendar of court life
6. Ceremony and order at court: an unending pursuit
Part IV. Power: 7. Levels and forms of power at court
8. The court as focus of the realm
9. Conclusions and conjectures.
Publisher description for Vienna and Versailles : the courts of Europe’s major dynastic rivals, ca. 1550-1780 / Jeroen Duindam.
This book brings vividly to life the courtiers and servants of the imperial court in Vienna and the royal court at Paris-Versailles. Drawing on a wealth of unpublished material masterfully set in a comparative context, the book makes a unique contribution to the field of court studies. Staff, numbers, costs, and hierarchies; daily routines and ceremonies; court favourites and the nature of rulership; the integrative and centripetal forces of the central courtly establishment: all are seen in a long-term, comparative perspective that highlights both the similarities and the distinctiveness of developments in France and the Habsburg lands. In the process, most conventional views of each court – and of court life in general – are challenged, and a new interpretation emerges. Finally, by relocating the household in the heart of the early modern state, Vienna and Versailles forces us to rethink the process of statebuilding and the notion of ‘absolutism’.
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The Dynastic Centre and the Provinces
Scope and content
“Maintaining the connections between the dynastic court and the provinces was a major challenge for pre-modern governments. The allegiance of governors shifted easily from the centre to the provinces. Ritual and festive occasions, equally important to generate cohesion, were rarely shaped wholly by either side. Agents & Interactions examines these connections in late imperial China, early modern Europe, and the Ottoman empire. Contributions highlight the different and evolving notions of the governor, the choreography of rulers touring their realm, and the interpretations of sources describing such events. Important intercultural parallels appear, and it becomes clear that the domains of politics and culture cannot be separated. The chapters in this volume suggest important revisions and outline an agenda for comparison”–Provided by publisher.
Contents
Introduction / Jeroen Duindam — Part 1. Agents — The imperial viceroy : reflections on an historical type / Jurgen Osterhammel — Devolution from the centre to the periphery : an overview of Ottoman provincial administration / I. Metin Kunt — Broken passage to the summit : Nayancheng’s botched mission in the White Lotus War / Yingcong Dai — Routine promotions : Li Hu and the dusty byways of empire / R. Kent Guy — Ceremonial demarcations : the viceregal court as space of political communication in the Spanish monarchy (Valencia, Naples, and Mexico, 1621-1635) / Christian Buschges — The Ambans of Tibet-imperial rule at the Inner Asian periphery / Sabine Dabringhaus — Part 2. Interactions — Remonstrating against royal extravagance in imperial China / Patricia Ebrey — ‘True and historical descriptions’ : European festivals and the printed record / Helen Watanabe-O’Kelly — Ceremonial entries and the confirmation of urban privileges in France, c. 1350-1550 / Neil Murphy — ‘Willingly we follow a gentle leader…’ : joyous entries into Antwerp / Margit Thofner — Historical narratives of the Kangxi emperor’s inaugural visit to Suzhou, 1684 / Michael G. Chang — Towards a comparative understanding of rulership : discourses, practices, patterns / Jeroen Duindam.
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Dynasties
“For thousands of years, societies have fallen under the reign of a single leader, ruling as chief, king, or emperor. In this fascinating global history of medieval and early modern dynastic power, Jeroen Duindam charts the rise and fall of dynasties, the rituals of rulership, and the contested presence of women on the throne. From European, African, Mughal, Ming-Qing and Safavid dynasties to the Ottoman Empire, Tokugawa Japan and Chosen Korea, he reveals the tension between the ideals of kingship and the lives of actual rulers, the rich variety of arrangements for succession, the households or courts which catered to rulers’ daily needs, and the relationship between the court and the territories under its control. The book integrates numerous African examples, sets dynasties within longer-term developments such as the rise of the state, and examines whether the tensions inherent in dynastic power led inexorably to cycles of ascent and decline”– Provided by publisher.
“Dynasty persists into the modern world, but it has lost much of its aura during recent centuries. With the emergence of industrialised and urbanised societies in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, alternative forms of power have become more prominent. Kingship evolved at a point where societies moved beyond kinship as the key principle of social organisation; it retreated in modern urban and industrial society. Kinship and family, however, remain a force to be reckoned with. Personalised and enduring forms of leadership in politics and in business tend to acquire semi-dynastic traits even in the contemporary world. In autocratic states, the power of modern-day dynasts extends far beyond anything their predecessors could have imagined”– Provided by publisher.
Contents
Machine generated contents note: Introduction; 1. Rulers: position versus person; 2. Dynasty: reproduction and succession; 3. At court: spaces, groups, balances; 4. Realm: connections and interactions; Conclusion; Glossary; Bibliography; Index.
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LOC Authority:
LC control no.: n 95000413
LCCN Permalink: https://lccn.loc.gov/n95000413
HEADING: Duindam, Jeroen Frans Jozef, 1962-
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PERSONAL
Born February 13, 1962, in Utrecht, Netherlands.
EDUCATION:Utrecht University, Ph.D.
ADDRESS
CAREER
Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands, began as assistant professor, became associate professor, between 1991 and 2008; University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands, chair of early modern history, 2008-10; Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands, professor and chair of early modern history, 2010-. Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (also known as NWO), leader of Eurasian Empires programs, between 2011 and 2016, leader of Monarchy in Turmoil program, beginning 2017; Netherlands Institute for Advanced Study in the Humanities and Social Sciences, fellow, 2014. Formerly worked as a professional bassoonist.
WRITINGS
Duindam’s first book was composed in German, then translated into English. Other writings have been translated into Italian and Spanish.
SIDELIGHTS
Jeroen Duindam has been a professor of early modern history at various Dutch universities since 1991, most recently at the university in Leiden. He is especially interested in rulers and ruling dynasties since the late Middle Ages. Duindam’s research originally focused on comparative studies of European dynastic elites, especially between France and the Habsburg monarchies to the east. In recent years, however, he has expanded his scope to explore a more global perspective. His academic appointments enabled him to foster an international dialogue with scholars of varying nationalities and language fluency. Duinham has found noticeable similarities between Western European ruling families and the dynasties of Asia and Africa, as well as Eastern Europe.
Duindam’s early research is reflected in Vienna and Versailles: The Courts of Europe’s Major Dynastic Rivals, 1550-1780. He offers meticulous details of life at court, with an overview of the royal households and comparative analysis of the size and costs of supporting them. He devotes substantial attention to court calendars and functions, the role of ceremony and status, and the balance of power among members of the elite court, a balance that has often been manipulated by the ruler as a method of controlling the nobility. He also comments on court activity as a topic of interest throughout the realm. Duindam’s analysis reflects both his historical expertise and his education in anthropology. The synthesis allows for new interpretations of court life in both France and Austria over a period of more than 200 years.
Duindam is the sole author of Dynasties: A Global History of Power, 1300-1800. He steps far beyond his original concentration on Western European dynastic rule to explore the dynasties of Africa, Central Asia, China, the Ottoman Empire, Japan under the Tokugawa shogunate, and the Chōsen predecessor of the Korean Empire. The enlarged scope enables him to consider female leaders and matrilinear succession, compare ideal to reality in diverse landscapes and cultures, examine long-term cycles of rise and decline, and much more. Duindam profiles specific individuals and describes variations in the practices of court and household. He begins when early societies expanded beyond the confines of kinship and continues into the development of industrial and urban societies. He also identifies dynastic tendencies in contemporary political and business hierarchies.
At the Leiden University Web site, Duindam likens dynastic rulers to “the kings in a chess set. … They are the centre of the game, but they are always severely restricted in their radius of action and need the other pieces to act.” He defines the other pieces as “the elites.” At the Netherlands Institute for Advanced Study Web site, he summarizes the content as a study of “the relative weakness of rulers, … the tense relationship between rulers and successors, … the ruler among his servants, and the court in the wider setting of the realm.” In a long review posted at H-Net: Humanities and Social Sciences Online, Melissa Sartore explained: “Patterns emerge which highlight aspects of rule such as regency, education, advisors, and even abdication as both political and personal mechanisms of power.” She summarized Dynasties as “a fresh look at political leadership and patterns of historical development.”
Sartore pointed out that the global perspective reveals that these patterns were not restricted to “a European context.” Kristian Petersen similarly noted at New Books Network that “this framework allows Duindam to move beyond the pitfalls of many comparative works,” Petersen called Dynasties “a well-crafted, thought-provoking work” that offers insight into contemporary dynastic rule and the response of the ruled population. Sartore cautioned, however, that “Duindam’s book is dense and full of countless examples,” which, despite their importance, “makes it a very problematic read for students.” In an addendum to the review, Duindam himself responded: “Dynasties is not a textbook for freshmen. … It will raise questions—but that, perhaps, is one of the tasks of academic teaching?”
BIOCRIT
ONLINE
H-Net: Humanities and Social Sciences Online, https://networks.h-net.org/ (October 18, 2016), Melissa Sartore, review of Dynasties: A Global History of Power, 1300-1800, with reply from Duindam.
Netherlands Institute for Advanced Study Web site, http://www.nias.knaw.nl/ (April 16, 2017), author profile.
New Books Network, http://newbooksnetwork.com/ (February 22, 2016), Kristian Petersen, review of Dynasties.
Leiden University Web site, https://www.universiteitleiden.nl/ (April 16, 2017), author profile.
Duindam, Jeroen
Year Group 2016/17
Year Group 2015/16
Year Group 2014/15
Abbink, Jan
Amico, Stephen
Barbosa, Maria
Beer, Susanna de
Bosman, Lex
Coan, Jim
Crone, Eveline
Duindam, Jeroen
Ellemers, Naomi
Frischer, Bernard
Gandolfo, Luisa
Green, Melissa
Haegens, Koen
Holt-Lunstad, Julianne
Hommes, Cars
Hosli, Madeleine
Keilbach, Judith
Kempers, Bram
Kraidy, Marwan
Kügle, Karl
Lee, Spike
Loontjens, Jannah
Lotysz, Slawomir
Lulof, Patricia
Mahjoub, Jamal
Moritz, Mark
Nieuwbeerta, Paul
Oostdijk, Diederik
Plechanovova, Bela
Poot, Jacques
Pruyt, Erik
Realo, Anu
Reis, Harry
Rescigno, Carlos
Saloul, Ihab
Schure, Paul
Stanczyk, Ewa
Stronks, Els
Thaisen, Jacob
Verdun, Amy
Verhoogt, Arthur
Wiener, Antje
IJzerman, Hans
Zarzycka, Marta
Zognong, Dieudonne
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Duindam,-Jeroen.jpg
Personalia
Jeroen Duindam, born in Utrecht, the Netherlands, in 1962. Ph.D. from Utrecht University. Professor of Early Modern European History at Leiden University.
Fellow (1 September 2014 – 31 December 2014)
Dynasty: A Global History 1300-1800
Research Question
Which cross-cultural patterns can be established in global practices of dynastic rule from the Mongol conquest to the phase of unchallenged European military and economic hegemony?
Project Description
Dynastic forms of power are dominant in history, across boundaries in space and time. During my previous NIAS fellowship I examined dynastic extended households in Asia, Africa, and Europe, with occasional other examples. Four chapters focus on 1) the ruler: position versus person; 2) the dynasty: succession and reproduction; 3) at court: spatial arrangements and recurring tensions; 4) realm: connections and interactions with the population.
The resulting study written largely in the course of the second semester of 2013-2014 will be corrected and prepared for publication in the first semester of 2014-2015. The book provides a structural and global analysis of the dynastic setup, showing <
Selected Publications
1) Vienna and Versailles. The Courts of Europe’s Dynastic Rivals, 1550-1780 (Cambridge 2003); paperback edition Cambridge 2007; Italian (2004) and Spanish (2009) translations.
2) Myths of Power. Norbert Elias and the Early Modern European Court (Amsterdam 1995)
3) (with co-editors Metin Kunt and Tulay Artan) Royal courts in dynastic states and empires: a global perspective (Leiden; Boston 2011) available through open access.
Prof. dr. Jeroen Duindam (lecturer World History)
The core of my current research interest is dynastic power centers in Europe and Asia between 1300 and 1800. In fact, rulers all over the world resemble '<
Eurasian Empires programme group
Details
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My research compares this dynamism between the ruler and their elites in polities like France, China and the Habsburg and Ottoman empires. At first sight, the courts of these rulers look very different.
Traditionally, European monarchs were depicted as moderate rulers, whereas Asian emperors were seen as powerful despots.
Behind the scenes, you will find many similarities, which casts doubts about the Europe-centered explanatory models for Western courts like Versailles.
Comparative research
It is very important to approach a comparative research subject like this in a ‘symmetrical way’: you need the same level of expertise for every area you study. That is why I work with eleven other researchers in a project group. My own specialty is kingship and dynasty in power in France and the Habsburg lands, my colleagues know all about Asian empires and speak Arabic, Ottoman, Chinese, Russian or Sanskrit.
I find the focus on regions and their languages of the Bachelor International Studies a great starting point to do more symmetrical comparative research of this kind.
More information
You can read more on fields of expertise, publications and CV on the personal page of prof. Duindam.
Jeroen Duindam
Professor of Early Modern History
COMPARATIVE HISTORY EARLY MODERN HISTORY EUROPEAN HISTORY HISTORY OF EMPIRES STATE FORMATION
NameProf.dr. J.F.J. Duindam Telephone
+31 71 527 2759
E-mail
j.f.j.duindam@hum.leidenuniv.nl
Profile Contact Publications Ancillary activities
Research
The comparative study of rulers and elites forms the core of my research interest. The connections between rulers and elites were formed partly at the dynastic court; hence this institution plays a key role in my work. Initially concentrating on early modern France and the Austrian Habsburg lands in the European dynastic context, I have been moving towards a global perspective including the Ottoman empire and Late Imperial China as well as Africa.
Between 2011 and 2016, I led the NWO-Horizon programme Eurasian Empires, including nine researchers based at three Dutch universities. A new NWO-financed project, 'Monarchy in Turmoil Rulers, Courts and Politics in the Netherlands And Germany, C.1780 – C.1820' will start in September 2017: a vacancy for two doctoral researchers will soon be published
In 2016 Cambridge University Press published my Dynasties. A global history of power 1300-1800.
Curriculum Vitae
Studying history (major) and anthropology (minor) at Utrecht University, I was struck by the different approaches to kingship and ritual in these disciplines. This contrast led me to write a critical dissertation on Norbert Elias’ theory of court life, Macht en Mythe (1992), published in an expanded and translated edition as Myths of Power in 1995. In the years before my dissertation, I combined various teaching positions with a job as bassoonist. From 1991 to 2008, I held a sequence of assistant- and associate professorships at the Utrecht History Department, in cultural history, history of international relations, and political history. In these years I also actively participated in the restructuring of the department’s curriculum. A 1999-2000 NWO-research leave allowed me to write my archival comparative study on the courts of Vienna and Versailles, published by Cambridge University Press in 2003 (translated into Italian and Spanish).
In 2008 I was appointed to the chair for early modern history at Groningen, followed by an appointment to the chair for modern history at Leiden University in September 2010.
Key publications
Dynasties. A global history of power 1300-1800 (Cambridge 2016)
Royal Courts in Dynastic States and Empires. A Global Perspective (Leiden 2011).
Edited by Jeroen Duindam, Tülay Artan and Metin Kunt.
Vienna and Versailles. The Courts of Europe's Dynastic Rivals, 1550-1780 (Cambridge 2003); paperback edition Cambridge 2007;
Myths of Power. Norbert Elias and the Early Modern European Court (Amsterdam 1995).
Inaugural lecture
Inaugural lecture Leiden University 6 May 2011
none found
JEROEN DUINDAM
Dynasties
A Global History of Power, 1300-1800
CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS 2015
February 22, 2016 Kristian Petersen
For most of recorded history, single rulers such a kings, queens, chiefs, and emperors exercised authority over human populations. Jeroen Duindam (Professor of Early Modern History, Leiden University) examines an important part of this story in his new book Dynasties: A Global History of Power, 1300-1800 (Cambridge University Press, 2015). He employs an easy-to-follow, four-level comparative framework that explains how dynastic power evolved in kingdoms as diverse as the Qing Empire, Mughal Empire, France, and Dahomey in Africa. The use of <
Sartore on Duindam, 'Dynasties: A Global History of Power, 1300-1800'
Author:
Jeroen Frans Jozef Duindam
Reviewer:
Melissa Sartore
Jeroen Frans Jozef Duindam. Dynasties: A Global History of Power, 1300-1800. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2015. 435 pp. $27.99 (paper), ISBN 978-1-107-63758-0.
Reviewed by Melissa Sartore (West Virginia University Institute of Technology)
Published on H-Teach (October, 2016)
Commissioned by Camarin M. Porter
In his latest work, Jeroen Duindam returns to familiar territory by looking at rule and power from the late Middle Ages to the nineteenth century. Dynasties, however, moves outside of an Eurocentric focus to assess dynastic leadership in a global context. By using a four-part model to investigate rulers, the company they keep, the legacies they leave, and the lands they rule, Duindam explores dynasties from Africa to Asia to the Americas, providing <>
In addition to assessing dynastic power according to his four-theme model, Duindam also pays close attention to cyclical and long-term developments. Duindam uses examples from existing specialized studies, acknowledging that his work will reveal neither new sources nor investigate every dynasty during the time covered. Rather, by looking at “how divergent practices can be seen as part of the same pattern,” Duindam concludes “the detail brought together in each of the chapters underlines that striking similarities hide profound differences” (p. 14).
The first theme identified by Duindam is “The Ruler” himself (and much less often, herself). Duindam highlights varying definitions of the ideal ruler over time and space with his extensive examples of historic events and individuals, as well as excerpts from political and literary texts. Religion, regalia, and ritual all factor into the presentation of rulers physically and ideologically while simultaneously creating “unattainable and inconsistent standards” (p. 53). The distinctions between the actual leader and the position of ruler are further highlighted by Duindam as he details rulers’ lives, from the Mughals to the Manchu. <
Duties--of family and rule--are the second theme discussed by Duindam, and he assesses the role of women in terms of reproduction and rule alike. The pressure of royal succession often fell upon women as mothers, wives, concubines, and, less often, as rulers. Women were participants in dynastic marriages to create diplomatic alliances among and to exchange land between powerful noble families. While this is not new information for scholars, Duindam uniquely demonstrates how this took place globally, not just in <> Duindam contrasts concubinage and polygyny with the reproduction found in royal European relationships--that of a bastard by a mistress--and notes that the “Christian dictate of monogamy frequently went together with ‘serial concubinage’ outside of the hallowed bond of matrimony” (p. 123). The former functioned around complex hierarchies of women and succession while the latter created “ineligibles” in the face of a fear of dynastic extinction. The rules of succession, based in patrilineal or matrilineal heredity, primogeniture, and indivisibility, developed over time, often overlapped, and could be usurped by kingmakers such as military men who could “sell their swords to the highest bidder or push forward candidates they expected to serve their interests” (p. 148). Regardless of the rules or mechanism used to circumvent them, once succession was determined, “the ‘rites of passage’ that transformed a royal eligible into a king were also a phase of fluidity and anxiety for society as a whole” (p. 149). From that point on, society and the court of the royal alike either supported or resisted the choice depending on their own political and social interests and status.
Duindam then looks at the royal court and all of its complexities. The term itself is problematic linguistically and by definition, as it has taken on a life of its own in historical application. Courts could be mobile, stationary, large, or small; they could be private or public; and they could be composed of family members alone or include numerous functionaries, advisors, and observers. Through the late Middle Ages and into the early modern period, courts generally became less mobile, and travel fell upon the members of the court itself rather than the king, queen, emperor, or other power-wielding authority. Courts were often centered in urban settings, the administrative and residential hubs of their respective realms but access may have been limited in terms of the inner and outer sanctums of palaces as well as in proximity to the ruler. Court was often voluntary but just as likely could be forced, as was the case with Versailles, as royals used courts to control and influence the behaviors of their nobility. They were places of refuge and companionship, either female or a non-threatening male eunuch variety such as in Ming China, as well as locations of conflict and competition, the likes of which were found in the Safavid court of Suleyman. Duindam does well to provide examples for all of his observations, ultimately concluding that the importance of courts remained relatively consistent throughout the period and played a large role in the state-building activities of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries.
Finally, Duindam looks at domestic and foreign matters in the context of rule, the realm, and service. Supporters were often rewarded with land and titles while detractors suffered an opposite fate, all of which was intended to demonstrate the power and prestige of the ruler. Ceremonies and celebrations, often highly ritualized events, allowed for the masses to participate in the glorification of the ruler in what could be considered an early popular culture phenomenon. As media became more common and more accessible via books, journals, and printed works, “the splash of ephemeral court culture … reached audiences far beyond the groups able to attend” (p. 275). On the other side of that visibility, however, was an increase in criticism and rebellion, as the masses became increasingly aware of the excess, repression, and discontent in the realm.
Duindam sums up his critique of rule and rulers by emphasizing the commonalities of dynastic training, function, and demonstration while concluding that global change was eminent. Prevailing views of the “rise of the West” and the inherent difference between East and West are far less certain, according to Duindam, and the parallels in past and present rule call for further investigation.
<
Printable Version: http://www.h-net.org/reviews/showpdf.php?id=47514
Citation: Melissa Sartore. Review of Duindam, Jeroen Frans Jozef, Dynasties: A Global History of Power, 1300-1800. H-Teach, H-Net Reviews. October, 2016.
URL: http://www.h-net.org/reviews/showrev.php?id=47514
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 3.0 United States License.
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Jeroen Duindam
Tuesday, October 18, 2016
Melissa Sartore’s review provides an apt summary of the themes addressed in my comparative book on dynasties worldwide. My comment has three purposes:
correcting one major and one minor misunderstanding;
saying something about the ambitions of the book, not visible in this review;
adding a few thoughts on ‘difficult’ books and teaching.
This book dismisses the classic cliché about Versailles as a ‘gilded cage’ for nobles – in this respect it summarises outcomes of my earlier Vienna and Versailles. However, exactly this antiquated view is attributed to me in the review. The book as a whole shows time and again that the royal figure at the heart of the show was an object of manipulation more often than a mastermind-king. Hence this point is fundamental. Far less important, but still relevant is another misunderstanding, about the reduced mobility of courts. While I stress that princes remained mobile, whereas parts of their service establishment (most evidently government services) became sedentary, the review reverses the labels. It states that royals became sedentary and parts of their courts travelled.
The review summarizes chapter themes and then reaches a conclusion. It does not position the book in scholarship. I use this opportunity to say a few words about the ambitions of the book. Global history, nowadays, usually takes shape as the history of worldwide networks and connections. This detailed and empirically rich ‘connected’ history can be contrasted with the debate on global divergence characterised by a more distanced economic and institutional perspective. My Dynasties book considers four questions (the chapters) all related to a focused theme (dynastic power) in regions across the globe: it is an experiment in comprehensive and empirical global comparative history. This entails the comparison of African kings and Chinese emperors, a choice that seems unlikely, but in fact leads to some of the key conclusions of this book. Also, the global and thematic approach breaks through East-West clichés: Europe and Asia are no longer always the two poles. Whether seen as successful or not, the nature of this experiment deserves some clarification.
Finally, teaching. Sartore, rightly or wrongly, states that the book is a ‘very problematic read for students’, without considering levels and goals of teaching. To be sure, <
Jeroen Duindam (Leiden)
j.f.j.duindam@hum.leidenuniv.nl