Project and content management for Contemporary Authors volumes
WORK TITLE: Hannibal
WORK NOTES:
PSEUDONYM(S):
BIRTHDATE:
WEBSITE: http://www.patrickhunt.us/
CITY: Stanford
STATE: CA
COUNTRY:
NATIONALITY:
http://www.simonandschuster.com/authors/Patrick-N-Hunt/49258286 * https://explorecourses.stanford.edu/instructor/phunt * http://www.patrickhunt.us/PHunt-CV-2017.pdf
RESEARCHER NOTES:
PERSONAL
Male.
EDUCATION:University of London, M.Phil., 1988, Ph.D., 1991.
ADDRESS
CAREER
Archaeologist, historian, educator, writer, consultant, and lecturer. University of California, Berkeley, archaeology postdoctoral research fellow in the Near Eastern Studies Department, 1992-95, instructor in archaeology and museology, 1993-2000; Stanford University, Stanford, CA, lecturer in archaeology and history, 1993-2017, also lecturer or visiting scholar in either anthropology or anthropological sciences or classics or fellow in introduction to humanities and director of the Stanford Alpine Archaeology Project, 1994-2012, and visiting scholar at the Center for African Studies, 2009-2013; National Geographic Society, director, Hannibal Expedition, 2007-08; University of California, Los Angeles, associate at the Center for Medieval and Renaissance Studies, 2009-2017; Institute for EthnoMedicine, Provo, UT, research associate in archeoethnobotany, 2012-17.
Stanford University Continuing Studies Program, instructor; Stanford Cantor Art Center Art Focus Series, lecurer. Appears on television and consults for the British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) and other documentary productions.
MEMBER:American Schools of Oriental Research, Archaeological Institute of America, California Classical Association (president of Northern Section, 1986), Pre-Columbian Art Research Institute, Renaissance Society of America, Society for Classical Studies, Society for Military History.
Persian Golden Lioness Award, World Academy of Arts, Literature and Media, 2008; elected fellow of Royal Geographical Society.
WRITINGS
Contributor to books and to periodicals and professional journals, including Archaeology, Diplomatic Journal, Journal of Art Crime, Journal of Military History, Journal of World Archaeology, Modern Age, Monocle Alpino, National Geographic, Naval War College Review, Renaissance Quarterly, and San Francisco Opera.
SIDELIGHTS
Patrick N. Hunt is an archaeologist and historian who has had more than one hundred articles published in periodicals and professional journals. A fellow of the Royal Geographical Society, he has taught in the fields of the humanities, archaeology, and mythology. Hunt is also the author of books, from Alpine Archeology to biographies such as Rembrandt: His Life in Art to popular history books such as Ten Discoveries That Rewrote History. Drawing on his background in archaeology, Hunt often visits the places where historical battles or other events took place. For example, for his book When Empires Clash: Twelve Great Battles of Antiquity, Hunt walked most of the battle sites he writes about and studied archaeological material that has come from them. Hunt also has expertise in geography, military history, and classical studies.
Hunt has led archaeological expeditions to study the exploits of Hannibal, a Carthaginian general considered among the greatest military commanders in history. In his biography of the general, titled Hannibal, Hunt delves into the life and accomplishments of the famous general perhaps best known among non-historians as the leader who crossed the Alps with war elephants. Hannibal subsequently battled Rome and, at one point, seemed about to bring the Roman Empire to an end. “He’s really an enigma because here’s a guy who wins almost every battle, except the last one,” Hunt noted in an interview for the Knowedge@Wharton website, pointing out that Hannibal was “enormously capable of wonderful tactics that totally strike fear into the heart of his enemy, but he doesn’t win the war. All history, in my whole purview, is economic history.” Hunt went on in the interview to note that the fatal blow to Hannibal was when he lost access to Spanish silver from Spanish silver mines, which had been taken over by the Romans. Without the silver, Hannibal’s supply chain was broken, and he could no longer pay for military intelligence. Nevertheless, he was one of the great generals of the ancient world and one of the few who struck fear into the Roman Empire.
In the book, Hunt notes that Hannibal began fighting Rome when he was teenager and early on made a vow to always hate Rome. Born Hannibal Barca in 247 BCE, Hannibal was the son of Hamilcar, who also was considered a great military strategist and who gained control of much of present-day Spain. Hamilcar eventually led Carthaginian forces against Rome during the First Punic War. Hannibal would lead the troops in the Second Punic War. He was an accomplished leader and tactician who consistently outmaneuvered larger Roman forces in northern Italy, where he won numerous battles, including the Battle of Cannae in 216 BCE.
Still, Hannibal was unable to defeat Rome and eventually returned to Carthage in North Africa in the area that is now Tunisia. Eventually, Hannibal faced the Roman troops that had invaded north Africa under General Scipio. Hannibal lost in the epic Battle of Zama, fought in 202 BCE. Ironically, while he had once used elephants to his advantage, during the battle his elephants became spooked by the Roman cavalry and ran amok among his own troops. The loss marked the end of the Second Punic War, and the terms of surrender were so severe that Hannibal was eventually exiled from his own country because he was blamed for Carthage’s downfall. Hannibal died in exile. Nevertheless, as Hunt points out, military scholars and personnel still study Hannibal, whose strategy and tactics remain on the curriculum in military academies.
“This easily digestible and engrossing biography is ideal for general readers with an interest in ancient history,” wrote Jay Freeman in Booklist. Noting that “Hunt makes good use of primary sources,” a Kirkus Reviews contributor also commended Hunt for his “ability to teach without preaching and entertain without lowering literary standards, making for an exciting biography.”
BIOCRIT
PERIODICALS
Booklist, June, 2017, Jay Freeman, review of Hannibal, p. 44.
Kirkus Reviews, May 15, 2017, review of Hannibal.
Publishers Weekly, May 8, 2017, review of Hannibal. p. 49.
ONLINE
Knolwedge@Wharton, http://knowledge.wharton.upenn.edu/ (January 18, 2018), “What Can an Ancient General Teach Us about Modern Leadership?,” author interview.
Patrick Hunt Website, http://www.patrickhunt.us/ (February 18, 2018), includes author CV.
Stanford University Explore Courses Website, https://explorecourses.stanford.edu/ (February 18, 2018), brief author profile.
12
of 12
P. N. Hunt, Curriculum vitae, p. 3SELECTED INVITED JOURNAL ARTICLES AND PEER-REVIEWED PUBLICATIONS:1. “Review of Three Mediterranean Maritime Histories”, Naval War College Review69.4(2016) 159-62 2. “Review of The Cambridge Companion to Age of Attila, Journal of Military History 79.1 (Jan. 2015). 3. “Lichenometry Dating in the Alps With Hannibal Route Implications”,Atti. Accad. Roveretana Agiati 9, 20154. “Via Appia” in Wiley-Blackwell Encyclopedia of Ancient History (2012) 6988-9. 5. “The Alps” in Wiley-Blackwell Encyclopedia of Ancient History (2012) 340-1. 6. “Rhône River” in Wiley-Blackwell Encyclopedia of Ancient History (2012) 5833-4. 7. “Rubicon River” in Wiley-Blackwell Encyclopedia of Ancient History (2012) 5968-9. 8. “Ebro River” in Wiley-Blackwell-Wiley Encyclopedia of Ancient History (2012) 2259-60. 9. “Irony and Realism in Caravaggio’s Penitent Magdalene”, chapter 6, in M.A. Erhardt and A. M. Morris, eds. Mary Magdalene, Iconographic Studies from the Middle Ages to the Baroque, Leiden: E. J. Brill, 2012, 161-86.10. “Elephants, African”. Encyclopedia of Environmental Issues, (2011) 431-33. 11. “Missing Miniatures from Priceless Illuminated Manuscripts” Journal of Art Crime 4 (2010) 97- 100.12. “Hannibal’s Elephants in the Alps” Monocle Alpino (Winter, 2010). 13. “Iphigenia” in Amphora – American Philological Association (2010) 17. 14. “Pindar’s Final Ode” in Modern Age: Quarterly Review, 2010. 15. “The Role of Orpheus Ancient and Modern” Diplomatic Journal (Feb 2010).16. “African Hydrology Crisis: When the Snows of Kilimanjaro Melt” Diplomatic Journal (April. 2010). 17. “International Law and the Ethics of Antiquities Trafficking” Stanford International Relations Journal 11.2 (2010). 18. “Carthage’s Locus: Compounding Geographical Logic,” African Archaeology Review 26.2 (Springer) 6/09. 19. “Anthropogeomorphology” in Encyclopedia of Global Warming, 2009. 20. “Ode to Pheidippides” in Aethlon Journal (Spring/Summer 2009). 21. “Re-Grafting “Apollo’s Laurel Bough”: Byroniana at Gennadeion,” Akoué, Am. Sch. Class. St. Athens, 6/09.22. “Martial’s Epigrams” in Masterplots, 4th ed. November, 2010, 1829 ff. 23. “Amadeus” in Masterplots, 4th ed. November, 2010, 160 ff.24. “Middle East” in Encyclopedia of Global Warming, invited, publ. 2009. 25. “Pomona’s Season” Classical Association Newsl. U.K., July, 2009. 26. “Galileo Galilei” in Great Lives in History: Inventors & Inventions”, invited, publ. Fall, 2009. 27. “Roger Bacon” in Great Lives in History: Inventors & Inventions”, invited, publ. Fall, 2009. 28. “Roman Use of The Rape of Lucretia and Mythic Reuse”, Royal Danish Theater, Copenhagen, Dec., 2008. 29. “Kithairon” in The Penguin Book of Classical Myths, London, 2008, 476-77. 30. “Ancient Rome in So Many Words by Christopher Francese: A Review.” Hippocrene (2007) Digressus 8 (2008). 31. “Natali Conti’s Mythology (16th c.) 2006: A Review.” Renaissance Quarterly 61.2 (early 2008). 32. “Gustav Klimt” in Great Lives in History: 20th Cent. Salem Press (Fall 2008). 33. “Natalia Agapiou’s Endymion au Carrefour: A Review.” Renaissance Quarterly 60.3 (Fall, 2007). 34. “Greek Mythology” in Magill’s Choice: Ancient Greece, December, 2006. 35. “Nero” in Notorious Lives: Great Lives in History, January 2007. 36. “Ekphrasis: Ovid & Rembrandt’s Abduction of Europa” in Ex Libris: ASUL Journal, vol. 14, 2006, 18-21. 37. "Tosca's Roman Monuments" San Francisco Opera Magazine, (October 2004), Vol. 82, No. 2, XI-XIII. 38. “645 bce: Lydia’s Rise to Power under the Mermnads” Ancient World: Great Events, vol. 1, 331-32 April, 2004. 39. “Gudea, King of Lagash,” The Ancient World: Great Lives from History, vol. 1, 366-69, April. 2004. 40. “Origins of Byzantine Silk Production in 563 CE” Great Events in History, Fall, 2004. 41. “Triptolemos and Beyond in the Stanford Kleophon Krater”, Cantor Center for the Visual Arts, Stanford Museum Journal, Winter, 2001, 3-8. 42. “Bronze Tabulae Ansatae at Roman Summus Poeninus in the Roman Alps” Acta: From the Parts to the Wholevol. 2, Proceedings of XIIIth Int’l. Bronze Congress, Harvard University Art Museums, JRA Suppl. 2002. 43. “Gyges [from Herodotus]”, Encyclopedia of the Ancient World. January, 2002. 44. “Roman Mansio, Plan de Barasson” Vallesia LIV: Archaeology, Canton of Valais, Switzerland (300-8) 1999.
P. N. Hunt, Curriculum vitae, p. 4 SELECTED INVITED ARTICLES AND PUBLICATIONS (cont.) 45. “Olmec Stone Sculpture: Criteria of Stone Selection” in Volcanoes, Earthquakes and Archaeology Royal Geological Society of London, February, 2000, 345-53. 46. “ Summus Poeninus on the Grand St. Bernard Pass” Journal of Roman Archaeology XI (1998) 265-74. 47. “Sensory Images in the Song of Songs.” Collected Papers of the IOSOT Congress, Paris, College deFrance, Sorbonne. Beitrage zur Erforschung des Alten Testaments und des Antiken Judentums, Band 28 (188-94). Peter Lang Verlag, Frankfurt, 1996. 48. “Maya and Olmec Stone Contexts: Limestone and Basalt Weathering Contrasts.” Septima Mesa Redonda, Palenque 1989, Precolumbian Art Research Institute, San Francisco, California, [261-67], 1994. 49. “ Subtle Paronomasia in Canticum Canticorum.” Beitrage zur Erforschung des Alten Testaments und desAntiken Judentums, Band 20 (147-54). Peter Lang Verlag, Frankfurt, 1992. 50. “Suitability of Volcanic Stone for Querns and Other Uses” Letters of the Quern Study Group, Oxford University, [co-authored with D.R. Griffiths], Oxford, January, 1992. 51. “Mt. Saphon in Myth and Fact.” Studia Phoenicia XI: Orientalia Lovaniensia Analecta 44 (1991) 103-15.52. “Inca Volcanic Stone Provenance in Cuzco Province, Peru.” Papers of the Institute of Archaeology 1.1, 1990 53. “Optical Petrology in the Field.” Journal of World Archaeology 21.1 (1989) 165-72 [co-authored]54. “ International Summer School in Papyrology: Review.” Bulletin of Institute of Classical Studies 35 (1988) 159-61. 55. “Myths Backward and Forward: Palindromes on Mythology”. Word Ways: Journ. Recr. Ling., 7/81 56. “In the Footsteps of Dr. Semmelweis.” Science Teacher: Journal of NSTA, Washington, D.C. Jan. 1981.SELECTED RECENT BOOKS, MONOGRAPHS and COURSE TEXTBOOKS: * in production / forthc. 1. Hannibal (Simon and Schuster) to be released mid-2017 2. Pascal and Voltaire at the Café Procope, Elenchus Books, 2016 3. Creation Groans: Fables of the Biblical Animals, Elenchus Books, 2016 4. When Empires Clash: Twelve Great Battles in Antiquity, Stone Tower Books (Lampion), 20155. Landscapes Antique and Imagined, Pirene Press, 20146. A Few Hundred Thoughts: Collected Original Aphorisms and Fabulae, Pirene Press, 20137. Wine Journeys: Myth and History, Cognella Academic Publishing, 20128. Puer Natus Est: Art of Christmas, Cognella Academic Publishing, 20119. Dante: Critical Insights, editor/author, Salem Press, 201110. Myth and Art in Ekphrasis, Cognella Academic Publishing, 201011. Cloud Shadows of Oly mpus, Pirene Press, 200912. Renaissance Visions: Myth and Art, course textbook, University Readers, released Spring 2008 13. Ten Discoveries That Rewrote History, Penguin / Plume, New York, released Fall, 2007 14. Myths for All Time, course textbook, Ariel Books, New York, Armand Eisen, Publisher, released Fall, 200715. Alpine Archaeology, course textbook, Ariel Books, New York, and University Readers, released Spring 200716. Rembrandt: His Life in Art, course textbook, Ariel Books, New York, released Winter 200617. House of the Muse: Poems from the British Museum, Ariel Books, New York, released Fall, 2005 18. Caravaggio, published in Life & Times Series, Haus Publishing, London, released Spring, 2004 19.* Gardens of the Ancient World, completed 2005, currently with a university press (forthcoming)20. * Seven Wonders of the Ancient World, completed manuscript 2012, in editing process 2013 on (forthc.)SELECTED ARCHAEOLOGICAL (CLASSICAL) ELECTRONIC ARTICLES (continued) Invited, peer-reviewed, and edited: 57. “Gaius Claudius Nero” in Encyclopaedia Britannica, spring 2014(http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/409537/Gaius-Claudius-Nero); 58. “Battle of Trasimene” in Encyclopaedia Britannica, spring 2014(http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/1983352/Battle-of-Trasimene); 59. “Battle of the Trebbia River” in Encyclopaedia Britannica, spring 2014(http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/1983353/Battle-of-the-Trebbia-River);
P. N. Hunt, Curriculum vitae, p. 5 SELECTED ARCHAEOLOGICAL (CLASSICAL) ELECTRONIC ARTICLES (continued) Invited, peer-reviewed, and edited: 60. “Maharbal” in Encyclopaedia Britannica, spring, 2014(http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/1981221/Maharbal); 61. “Martin Schongauer: Gothic Vanguard of the Renaissance” in Kunstpedia /ArtWis.com, Amsterdam, Netherlands, August 2014 (http://www.artwis.com/articles/martin-schongauer-gothic-vanguard-renaissance/)62. “Quintus Fabius Maximus Verrucosus” in Encyclopaedia Britannica, summer 2014 (http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/199706/Quintus-Fabius-Maximus-Verrucosus); 63. “Scipio Africanus the Elder” in Encyclopaedia Britannica, summer 2014 (http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/529046/Scipio-Africanus-the-Elder); 64. “Carthage” in Encyclopaedia Britannica, summer 2014 (http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/97373/Carthage);65. “Artist David Roberts and Near Eastern Archaeology, Kunstpedia / ArtWis, Netherlands, Jan. 2014(http://www.artwis.com/articles/artist-david-roberts-and-near-eastern-archaeology/) 66. “The Role of Silenus and Isabella d’Este” Kunstpedia, Netherlands, 2012(http://www.kunstpedia.com/articles/the-role-of-silenus-and-isabella-d ’este.html) 67. “Gallo-Roman Cultural Hybridity” in Proceedings of Cultures of Contact Archaeology Conference, Stanford University Archaeology Center, Feb, 2006 (archived paper, available on request) SELECTED ARCHAEOLOGICAL (CLASSICAL) ELECTRONIC ARTICLES (continued):68. “Egyptian Kingship and Animal Husbandry”, Electrum Magazine 2014(http://www.electrummagazine.com/2014/06/egyptian-kingship-and-animal-husbandry/) 69. “Giordano Bruno and St. Nicholas by the Fire” Archaeolog (Stanford) December 2010(http://traumwerk.stanford.edu/archaeolog/2010/12/santa_claus_and_giordano_bruno.html)70. “Cultural Heritage Imaging: Digital Pioneers in Archaeological Preservation” Electrum Magazine 2010 (http://www.electrummagazine.com/2010/12/cultural-heritage-imaging-digital-pioneers-in-archaeological-preservation/)71. “Achaemenid Griffin Capital at Persepolis” Archaeolog (Stanford) Fall, 2008 (http://traumwerk.stanford.edu/archaeolog/2008/10/achaemenid_sculptural_stone_te.html)72. “Celtic Iron Age Sword Deposits and Arthur's Lady of the Lake” Archaeolog (Stanford) Feb. 2008. (http://traumwerk.stanford.edu/archaeolog/2008/02/celtic_swords_and_arthurs_lady.html)73. “Reading Livers Through Reading Literature: Hepatoscopy and Haruspicy in Iliad 20:469 ff & 24:212 ff, Aeneid 4:60 ff & 10.175 ff, Cicero and Pliny on Divination, among others.” Archaeolog (Stanford) Sept., 2007 [coauthored](http://traumwerk.stanford.edu/archaeolog/2007/09/reading_livers_through_reading_1.html#more)74. “Hannibal's Engineers and Livy (XXI.36-7) on Burned Rock - Truth or Legend?” Archaeolog (Stanford) June 2007 (http://traumwerk.stanford.edu/archaeolog/2007/06/hannibals_engineers_and_livy_o.html)75. “Alpine Archaeology and Paleopathology: Was Hannibal’s Army also Decimated by Epidemic Crossing the Alps?” Archaeolog (Stanford) May, 2007 (co-authored with Andreea Seicean) (http://traumwerk.stanford.edu/archaeolog/2007/05/alpine_archaeology_and_paleopa.html)76. “Hannibal Barca's Theophoric Destiny and the Alps” Archaeolog (Stanford) Dec., 2006 (http://traumwerk.stanford.edu/archaeolog/2006/12/hannibal_barcas_theophoric_des.html)77. “Alpine Archaeology: Hannibal Expedition - Stanford Alpine Archaeology Project 2006 Field Report”Archaeolog (Stanford) Nov., 2006 (http://traumwerk.stanford.edu/archaeolog/2006/11/alpine_archaeology_hannibal_ex.html)78. “Hannibal or Hasdrubal?: Some Numismatic and Chronometric Considerations for Alpine Archaeology” Archaeolog (Stanford) Nov. 2006 (http://traumwerk.stanford.edu/archaeolog/science/)79. “Hannibal in the Alps: Stanford Alpine Archaeology Project 1994-2 006” Archaeolog (Stanford) 2006 (http://traumwerk.stanford.edu/archaeolog/2006/04/hannibal_in_the_alps_stanford_1.html)
P. N. Hunt, Curriculum vitae, p. 6 SELECTED ARCHAEOLOGICAL (CLASSICAL) ELECTRONIC ARTICLES (continued):80. “Alpine Roman Roads: Stanford Alpine Archaeology Project” Archaeolog (Stanford) July 2006 (http://traumwerk.stanford.edu/archaeolog/science/)81. “Alpine Archaeology: Soil Chemistry Theory and pH Testing.” Archaeolog (Stanford) Jan. 2006 (http://traumwerk.stanford.edu/archaeolog/2006/01/alpine_archaeology_soil_chemis.html#more)82. “Alpine Archaeology: Stone Sourcing of a Jupiter Temple and Petrographic Provenance.” Archaeolog (Stanford) Jan. 2006 (http://traumwerk.stanford.edu/archaeolog/2006/01/sourcing_stone_provenancing_pe.html#more)83. “Alpine Archaeology: Some Effects of Climate and Altitude.” Archaeolog (Stanford) Jan. 2006 (http://traumwerk.stanford.edu/archaeolog/2005/12/some_effects_of_altitude_and_c.html#more)84. “Triptolemos: Hemitheos and Judge at Eleusis and Beyond?” Archaeolog (Stanford) Dec, 2005 http://traumwerk.stanford.edu/archaeolog/2005/12/triptolemos_and_beyond.html#more85. “Carolingian-Roman Spolia at the Medieval Church, Bourg-St-Pierre, Valais.” Archaeolog (Stanford) 2005 (http://traumwerk.stanford.edu/archaeolog/2005/12/roman_spolia_at_the_medieval_c.html) SELECTED ART HISTORICAL AND LITERARY ELECTRONIC ARTICLES, CLASSICAL THROUGH MODERN: 86. “Late Roman Silk: Smuggling and espionage in the 6th century CE” Philolog (Stanford) August, 2011 (http://traumwerk.stanford.edu/philolog/2011/08/byzantine_silk_smuggling_and_e.html) 87. “Electrum: From Ancient to Modern Meanings” Electrum Magazine, Dec. 2010(http://www.electrummagazine.com/2010/12/electrum-from-ancient-to-modern-meanings/)88. “In Praise of [Old] Roman Wine” Philolog (Stanford) July, 2010(http://traumwerk.stanford.edu/philolog/2010/05/wine_in_antiquity_in_praise_of.html)89. “Shakespeare and the Classics: Plutarch, Ovid and Inspiration” (co-authored) Electrum Magazine, Dec. 2010(http://www.electrummagazine.com/2010/12/shakespeare-and-the-classics-plutarch-ovid-and-other-sources/)90. “Dante’s Monsters in the Inferno: Re-Imagining Classical to Christian Judgment” Philolog (Stanford) April, 2010 (http://traumwerk.stanford.edu/philolog/2010/04/dantes_monsters_in_the_inferno.html) 91. “Oresteia, Justice and the Furies Through Art” Philolog (Stanford) October 2009 (http://traumwerk.stanford.edu/philolog/2009/10/orestes_justice_and_the_furies.html)92. “Homer’s Odyssey in Art: Sirens from Greek Vases to Waterhouse” Philolog (Stanford) October 2009(http://traumwerk.stanford.edu/philolog/2009/10/homers_odyssey_in_art_sirens_f.html) 93. “Lucas Cranach the Elder's Adam & Eve: Text, Iconography and Hermeneutics” Philolog (Stanford) Sept 2009(http://traumwerk.stanford.edu/philolog/2009/09/lucas_cranach_the_elder_adam.html) 94. “Caravaggio’s Penitent Magdalene, circa 1596, Philolog (Stanford) March, 2009 (http://traumwerk.stanford.edu/philolog/2009/03/caravaggios_mary_magdalene_ult.html)95. “Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse: from Paleoclimates to the Present,” Philolog (Stanford) Jan., 2009 (http://traumwerk.stanford.edu/philolog/2009/02/four_horsemen_of_the_apocalyps.html)96. “Riza-i ‘Abbasi and the Poetry of Safavid Persian Painting” Philolog (Stanford) Fall, 2008 (http://traumwerk.stanford.edu/philolog/2008/10/rizayi_abbasi_and_the_poetry_o.html)97. “Caravaggio's Raising of Lazarus (1609): New Observations.” Philolog (Stanford) June 2007 (http://traumwerk.stanford.edu/philolog/2007/06/caravaggios_raising_of_lazarus.html)98. “Arborisms in Ovid’s Baucis and Philemon from Metamorphoses 8.620-720.” Philolog (Stanford) 2007 (http://traumwerk.stanford.edu/philolog/2005/12/arborisms_in_ovids_baucis_and.html)99. “Titian's Bacchus and Ariadne (1520-23) from Classical Art and Literature” Philolog (Stanford) Oct. 2006 (http://traumwerk.stanford.edu/philolog/2006/10/titians_bacchus_and_ariadne_15.html)100. “Pallas Athene of Gustav Klimt: Eyes of a Goddess” Philolog (Stanford) July 2006 (http://traumwerk.stanford.edu/philolog/2006/07/gustav_klimts_pallas_athene_of.html)
P. N. Hunt, Curriculum vitae, p. 7 SELECTED ART HISTORICAL AND LITERARY ELECTRONIC ARTICLES, CLASSICAL THROUGH MODERN (continued):101. “Goya, Friedrich and Romanticism: Reification of Nature.” Philolog (Stanford) April 2006 (http://traumwerk.stanford.edu/philolog/2006/04/goya_friedrich_and_romanticism_1.html)102. “Andrea Mantegna’s Samson and Delilah.” Philolog (Stanford) Feb 2006 (http://traumwerk.stanford.edu/philolog/2006/02/andrea_mantegnas_samson_and_de.html)103. “Abbé Suger and a Medieval Theory of Light: Lux, Lumen, Illumination” Philolog (Stanford) 2006 (http://traumwerk.stanford.edu/philolog/2006/01/abbe_sugers_theory_of_light_lu.html)104. “Byzantine Art as Propaganda: Justinian and Theodora at Ravenna.” Philolog (Stanford) Jan. 2006 (http://traumwerk.stanford.edu/philolog/2006/01/byzantine_art_as_propaganda_ju.html)105. “Rembrandt and Ovid: The Abduction of Europa, 1632; Metamorphoses II.849- 59 and Myth Tradition.” Philolog (Stanford) Dec. 2005 (http://traumwerk.stanford.edu/philolog/2005/12/rembrandt_and_ovid_the_abducti.html)106. “Imperium in the Pantheon of Rome and its Pavimentum.” Philolog (Stanford) Dec. 2005 (http://traumwerk.stanford.edu/philolog/2005/12/imperium_in_the_pantheon_in_ro.html)107. “Trajan and Dante: Trajan's Roman Decennial Bust in the British Museum” Philolog (Stanford) 2005 (http://traumwerk.stanford.edu/philolog/2005/12/trajans_roman_decennial_bust_i.html)108. “Glykon's Farnese Herakles Sculpture as Myth Narrative.” Philolog(Stanford) Nov. 2005 (http://traumwerk.stanford.edu/philolog/2005/11/glaukons_herakleshercules_scul.html)109. “Aeneid XII.383-440 as Inspiration for Ancient Art: The Roman Surgeon” Philolog (Stanford) Nov. 2005 (http://traumwerk.stanford.edu/philolog/2005/11/aeneid_as_inspiration_for_anci.html)110. “Ekphrasis or Not? Ovid (Met. 8.183-235 ) in Pieter Breugel the Elder’s Landscape with Fall of Icarus.” Philolog (Stanford) Nov. 2005 (http://traumwerk.stanford.edu/philolog/2005/11/ekphrasis_ovid_in_pieter_breug.html)SELECTED INVITED PAPERS, CONGRESSES, EXHIBITIONS, INVITED LECTURES / SERIES: 1. “Viking Legacies” Humanities West, Wanderlust; Viking Raiders, Traders, Neighbors, February 24-25, 20172. “Otzi the Iceman” Keynote Speaker for National Geographic Learning, CCSS, Sacramento, March, 20173. “Hannibal’s Achievements”, Keynote Speaker for National Geographic Learning, NCSS New Orleans, Nov. 2015 4. “5000 Years of Iranian Engineering”, Keynote Speaker, Tehran University Iran, College of Engineering, Jan. 20155. “Otzi the Iceman”, invited Keynote Speaker for National Geographic Learning, Colorado Council for the Social Sciences, Denver, April 18, 2014;6. “Hannibal’s Secret Weapon” Great Battle Series, Penn Museum, Univ. Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, June 5, 2013;7. “Hannibal, Bane of Rome”, National Arts Club, New York City, June 6, 2013;8. “Otzi the Iceman: Prehistoric Medicine”, Houston National Science Museum, Houston, May 14, 2013;9. “Hannibal’s Crossing of The A lps” Parlitalia Lecture, University of British Columbia, Istituto Cultura Italiana, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, Feb. 9, 2013.10. “Hannibal Crosses the Alps” Liechtenstein LandesMuseum, Vaduz, August 9, 2012; 11. “Science in Archaeology” invited Keynote address, AIA San Francisco Gala Soirée, Oct. 15, 201012. “Tracking Hannibal: Stanford Alpine Archaeology Project 2010” Carmel Authors & Ideas Festival, Sept, 201013. “Caravaggio’s Penitent Magdalen, c. 1594”, Renaissance Society of America, Venice, April 8, 201014. “African Hydrology Crisis”, Empower Africa Conference, Plymouth, Great Britain, April 6, 201015. “Lucretia in Art from Roman Myth and Beyond” Lucretia-Britten Int’l. Symposium, Copenhagen, March ‘09 16. “Tracking Hannibal”, Podcasting and the Classics, APA/AIA Annual Meeting January 10, 2009 17. “Tracking Hannibal: NGS Hannibal Expedition 2007-2008” AIA U.C. Berkeley, Nov. 23, 2008 18. “Hannibal in the Alps” Theoretical Roman Archaeology Conference, UCL, London, March 2007 19. “Francesco del Monte: Antiquarian, Connoisseur, Patron, Collector, in Rome 1590-1610” Renaissance Society of America Annual Conference, March 24, 2006 20. “Gallo-Roman Cultural Hybridity” in Cultures of Contact Archaeology Conference, Stanford, Feb, 2006.21. “Medieval Persian Miniature Paintings” Arts of Persia, Stanford: Cantor Center for Visual Arts, April, 2005 22. “Arts of the Silk Road: Parthians to Byzantines” Stanford Museum: Cantor Center Visual Arts Series , March, 2004
P. N. Hunt, Curriculum vitae, p. 8 SELECTED INVITED PAPERS, CONGRESSES, LECTURE SERIES(continued): 23. “Boreal Banquets: Reconstructing Meals in Gallo-Roman Alpine Mansiones,” AIA Annual Meeting, SF, Jan., 2004 24. “Romans and Alpine Archaeology”, Mt. Holyoke College, Classics and Ancient History Depts, April, 2003 23. “Summus Poeninus: Romans in the Alps” AIA National Annual Meeting, San Diego, January, 200124. “Egyptian Genius: Stone Working for Eternity, ARCE Northern California Lecture, January 2000 25. “Kentauros: Near Eastern and Not-So-Greek-Hybrid” Yale University Grad. Classics Colloquium, April, 199926. “The Gifts of the Nile” Egyptian Exhibition, Phoenix Art Museum, Phoenix, Arizona, Nov., 199827. “Egyptian Life and Afterlife”, Egyptian Exhibition, Seattle Art Museum, Seattle, Washington, Oct., 1998 28. “Vesuvinum and Pompeiana: Roman Wine and Terroire from Pliny” Meadowood, Napa Valley, May, 199829. “Global Archaeology Forgery, Fakes & Fraud,” Commonwealth Club of California, San Francisco, Oct., 1997 30. “Roman Engineering and Technology” Stanford Graduate Engineering & Mat. Science Seminar, May, 1996 31. “Hamilton Collection and Summus Poeninus” Sir William Hamilton Colloquium, 20th British Museum Classical Colloquium, Dept. of Greek and Roman Antiquities, British Museum, London, April, 199632. “Bronze Tabulae Ansatae from Summus Poeninus in the Alps” Harvard University Art Museums, XIII Int’l. Bronze Congress, May, 199633. “Roman Roads in the Alps.” U.C. Berkeley Graduate Colloquium, Grad. Group in Anc. History, Feb., 1995 34. “Assyrian Stone Uses” NES 20, for Prof. Wolfgang Heimpel, Near Eastern Studies, U.C. Berkeley, Nov. 199335. “Inanna, Sumerian Goddess and Cybele’s Cultic Parallels “Livy 29.10-14 & Juvenal 2.112 Classical Assoc. Annual Conference, University of Exeter, England, 1994 36. Red Sea Gems: “Zabargad: Pliny NH 37.32 and the Island of Topaz”, Grad. Colloquium, Near Eastern Studies, U.C. Berkeley, Director: Prof. David Stronach, NES, March 199337. “Ancient Near Eastern Stone Uses and Sources”, Near Eastern Studies, U.C. Berkeley, March, 1993 38. “Ba’al Sculpture: The Suitability of Basalt” Xth International Colloquium, Groupe de ContactInteruniversitaire d’Etudes Pheniciennnes et Puniques, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Belgium, March, 1990 39. “Mt. Saphon in Myth and Fact” Xth International Colloquium, GCIEPP, Kath. Univ. Leuven, Belg, Mar ‘9040. “Erythroxylon coca: Andean Medicine”, Soc. Latin American Studies, Jesus College, Oxford, April 1990 41. Olmec and Maya Sculpture Weathering of Basalt and Limestone” Septima Mesa Redonda de Palenque (Seventh Palenque Round Table Conference) Palenque Mexico, June, 198942. “Inca Stone Provenance: Petrographic Research” Institute Andean Studies Ann. Meeting, U.C. Berkeley, 1988SELECTED PROFESSIONAL ASSOCIATIONS:[1] Fellow of the Royal Geographical Society, London, UK [elected 1989 on]; [2] Archaeological Institute of America, Boston University, Boston, MA [1984 on]; [3] American Schools of Oriental Research, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD [1987 on]; [4] Society for Classical Studies (was American Philological Association) [since 2009]; [5] Pre-Columbian Art Research Institute [1989 on]; [6] California Classical Association NS [since 1984]; [ 7] Renaissance Society of America [2006 on]; [8] Society for Military History [2013 on]
P. N. Hunt, Curriculum vitae, p. 9 SELECTED PROFESSIONAL REFERENCES:Professor David Stronach, Emeritus, University of California, Berkeley [email: stronach@berkeley.edu] Tel. (510) 525-6813 Dr. Jenny March, Fellow, Corpus Christi College, Oxford, & Editor, Class. Assoc. of UK. [email: jennymarch@intamail.com] Dr. Dan Colman, Associate Dean, Stanford University C.S.P., Tel. (650)-725-8293 [email: dhcolman@stanford.edu] Dr. Irving Finkel, Associate Keeper, Middle East, British Museum Tel. 0207-636-8310 [email:IFINKEL@thebritishmusuem.ac.uk] SELECTED CURRENT ARCHAEOLOGY FIELD PROJECTS [details on request]: Director, Stanford Alpine Archaeology Project, Stanford University, 1994-2012: Alpine Fieldwork in Switzerland, Italy, France (in conjunction with Canton of Valais [CH], Canton of St. Gallen [CH], Principality of Liechtenstein and Liechtenstein Landesmuseum, Soprintendente of Valle da Aosta [IT], Soprintendente of Piemonte [IT], Commune of Bramans, Savoie [FR] Director, Hannibal Expedition, National Geographic Society Expeditions Council 2007-2008: fieldwork and filming in Tunisia (ancient Carthage), Spain, Italy, France; Director, Hannibal Expedition 2013-17: Alpine Fieldwork and Lichenometry studies, Switzerland, Liechtenstein, France [Cantons of St. Gallen and Graubunden, CH; Principality of Liechtenstein; and Commune of Bramans, Savoie, France] SELECTED INVITED MUSEUM LECTURE SERIES1. “Hamilton Collection and Summus Poeninus”, Sir William Hamilton Colloquium, 20th British Museum Colloquium, Dept. of Greek and Roman Antiquities, British Museum, London, April, 1996 2. “Bronze Tabulae Ansatae from Summus Poeninus in the Alps”, Harvard University Art Museums, XIIIth International Bronze Congress, May, 1996 3. “The Gifts of the Nile” Egyptian Exhibition, Phoenix Art Museum, Phoenix, Arizona, Nov., 1998 4. “Egyptian Life and Afterlife”, Egyptian Exhibition, Seattle Art Museum, Seattle, Washington, Oct., 1998 5. “Mesoamerica: Jaguars, Jade and Feathered Serpents”, De Young Museum FAMSF [docents] Nov. 19, 2009 6. “Egyptian Archaeology: Why the Desert Preserves Organic Materials” Cantor Center for Visual Art, Stanford University [Stanford Museum], Stanford docents lecture, Oct. 10, 2011
P. N. Hunt, Curriculum vitae, p. 10 SELECTED INVITED MUSEUM LECTURE SERIES (continued)7. “Hannibal Crosses the Alps” Liechtenstein LandesMuseum, Vaduz, Liechtenstein, August 9, 2012 8. “Otzi the Iceman and Prehistoric Medicine” Houston Natural Science Museum, May 2013 9. “Hannibal’s Secret Weapon: Climate and Environment,” University Museum, Great Battles of History Series, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, June 5, 2013 10. “Hannibal, Bane of Rome”, National Arts Club of New York City, New York, June 6, 2013 11. “Femmes Fatales of the Fin-de-Siècle: Toulouse-Lautrec, Waterhouse, Klimt”, Stanford University Cantor Center Art Focus Lecture Series, February (3 Wednesdays) 2014 12. “Otzi the Iceman: 5,300 year old Alpine Mummy and Forensic Science”, St. Louis, Missouri Museum of History, April 2014 13. “Sympathy for the Devil”, Stanford University Cantor Center Docent Lecture Series, October-November 2014 14. “Pygmalion and Beyond: History of Sculpture”, Stanford University Cantor Center Art Focus Lecture Series, February (3 Wednesdays) 2015 15. “Plundered Art: From Nebuchadnezzar, Nero and Napoleon to the Nazis and Beyond,” Stanford University Cantor Center Art Focus Lecture Series, February (3 Wednesdays) 2016 16. “Narrative Art:Hidden Stories” University Cantor Center Art Focus Lecture Series, February (3 Wednesdays) 2017SELECTED RECENT MEDIA WORK:TELEVISION Documentaries: (National Geographic Explorer TV, NOVA, PBS, History Channel, etc.)1. National Geographic Explorer TV: “Death of the Iceman” PBS broadcast April 1-8, 2008 (featured scholar) with regular rebroadcasts; 2. “Engineering an Empire: Persia” broadcast on Dec. 4, 2006 (featured scholar) rebroadcast regularly; 3. “Engineering an Empire: Carthage” broadcast on Nov. 6, 2006 (featured scholar) rebroadcast regularly; 4. “Hannibal”, filmed in the Alps 2009, Ancients Behaving Badly series (featured scholar) broadcast 12/30/09 and rebroadcast regularly; 5. Nat. Geo. & NOVA: “The Iceman Murder Mystery: New Scientific Findings” filmed in Italian Alps in June, broadcast October 26, 2011 and regularly rebroadcast including on international
P. N. Hunt, Curriculum vitae, p. 11 SELECTED RECENT MEDIA WORK (continued):TELEVISION Documentaries: (National Geographic Explorer TV, NOVA, PBS, History Channel, etc.)(continued) networks (e.g. Swiss National television in November 2014). 6. Mankind: The Story of All of Us (Nutopia UK)Patrick Hunt was a featured scholar in 8 episodes from Prehistory to Medieval, Fall of 2012 7. Iceman Reborn, NOVA PBS, Patrick was a featured scholar on Otzi’s Medicine airing February 2016 8. The Greeks, National Geographic: Patrick was a featured scholar) broadcast May 2016, rebroadcast PBS in December MAGAZINES / JOURNALSHannibal research article on Patrick Hunt published in National Geographic Magazine (German), May 2008 (http://www.patrickhunt.net/images/events/NG_german_homepage.jpg) “Hiking with Hannibal” feature article on Patrick Hunt, Archaeology Magazine, Jan./Feb. 2007, Ulrich Boser, author (http://www.archaeology.org/0701/abstracts/hannibal.html) “In the Alps: Hunting for Hannibal’s Trail” Stanford Report, May16, 2007, Annie Jia, author (http://news.stanford.edu/news/2007/may16/hannibal-051607.html). “On Hannibal’s Trail: The Clues are in the Geology”, Earth Magazine, Oct, 2010, Erin Wayman, author (http://www .earthmagazine.org/earth/article/3a1-7da-a-1) P. Hunt research in “Hannibals Weg Uber die Alpen”, published in Neue Zürcher Zeitung, June 16, 2010, Dr. Genevieve Lüscher, author. P. Hunt, “Ice Patch Global Warming” Alpine Climate Glaciation Loss research, interviewed for Reuters Int’l.,BBC Worldwide Radio Service and the Guardian (UK) (http://www.guardian.co.uk/science/2010/sep/26/global-warming-ancient-artefacts) (http://www.reuters.com/article/2010/09/14/us-climate0vikings-idUSTRE68D1L120100914)P. Hunt, “ Scandals and Cheating in the Ancient Olympics,” BBC Radio, August, 2016
P. N. Hunt, Curriculum vitae, p. 12 SELECTED CURRENT COURSES TAUGHT 1992-2017 (Undergrad or Postgraduate) Curating Museum Collections (UCBE) [1x] Archaeological Materials [2x] Medicine in the Ancient World [3x] World Archaeology [4x] Alpine Archaeology [8x] Art and Archaeology of Persia [3x] Seven Wonders of the Ancient World [3x] Roman Archaeology and Art [6x] Greek Mythology [6x] Archaeology and Art of Egypt [4x] Art and Archaeology of Pompeii [2x] Ten Discoveries That Rewrote History [3x] Art and Archaeology of the Celts [2x]Introduction to Archaeology [5 x] History of Wine [4x] Bible Uncensored [3x] Hellenism / Alexander the Great [2x] Renaissance Discovery: Archaeology of the Mind [1x] Art History: Prehistory to Byzantium [6x] Great Lives in History [3x] Precolumbian Art and Archaeology [3x] Archaeology and Mythology [6x] Ancient Technology [3x] Archaeology of the Ancient Near East [2x]Archaeology and Art of Middle Ages [3x] Archaeology and Art of Troy [1x] Ancient Olympics [4x] History of Writing: Cuneiform-Hieroglyphs [1x] Caravaggio [2x] Rembrandt [1x] The Life of Hannibal [3x] Art and Archaeology of Sicily [4x] Archaeology and Ancient Engineering [5x] Archaeological Materials and Their Survival [3x] Cradles of Civilization: Mesopot/Medit/MesoAm Art and Archaeology of the Vikings Great Battles of the Ancient World
Personal bio
Patrick Hunt earned his Ph.D. in Archaeology from the Institute of Archaeology, UCL, University of London in 1991, and is in his 20th year at Stanford. He directs the Stanford Alpine Archaeology Project (1994-2011). His research has been sponsored by the National Geographic Society' s Expedition Council (2007-2008). He is also a National Lecturer for the Archaeological Institute of America and on a national committee of that organization as well as an elected Fellow of the Royal Geographical Society (since 1989). He has authored 12 published books and 100+ published articles and often appears as a scholar on PBS, National Geographic, NOVA, as well as consulting for BBC and other documentary productions. http://www.patrickhunt.net
Patrick N Hunt
Patrick N. Hunt is an archeologist, historian, and biographer who has taught humanities, archeology, and mythology at Stanford University since 1993. A Fellow of the Royal Geographical Society in London, Hunt has been featured on TV documentaries, including National Geographic Explorer, Nova, and the Discovery Channel. He is also a National Geographic Expeditions expert. Articles about his Hannibal research have appeared in National Geographic, Archaeology Magazine, and Earth magazine among others. He is the author of Hannibal, Ten Discoveries That Rewrote History, and When Empires Clash: Twelve Great Battles in Antiquity, among other books. He lives in the Bay Area, California.
Biography
If you were looking for Patrick Hunt as a young boy, you would have often found him high up in a favorite tree with a book. He discovered Bach as a young teenager and taught himself to play Bach's Two-Part Inventions on a rickety piano because his family could not afford music lessons.
Patrick has followed several of his life-long dreams – archaeologist, writer, composer, poet, art historian - for the last twenty-five years at Stanford University, starting as a Visiting Scholar in 1992 and teaching regularly since 1994.
The courses he has taught at Stanford accommodate his breadth of interests in the Humanities, the Arts, Ancient History and Ancient Technology as well as Archaeological Science. He has lived in London, Athens and Jerusalem, as well as annual time spent in Switzerland, France, Italy every year since 1994. Among many other countries, he has also conducted archaeological research in Spain and North Africa (Egypt and Tunisia) and in Peru on Inca sites and on Olmec, Maya and Aztec cultures in Central America.
Working in AlpsPatrick directed Stanford's Alpine Archaeology Project between 1994-2012, continuing as the Hannibal Expedition for the National Geographic Society. This project conducts high altitude research in alpine passes between Switzerland, Italy and France. In 1996 he found the 9000 ft. high quarry for the Temple of Jupiter in the Fenetre de Ferret pass adjacent to the Great St. Bernard Pass and directed a team that found a Roman silver coin hoard in the Swiss Alps in 2003.
One of his primary research interests has been to track Hannibal's crossing of the Alps in 218 BCE. Annually between 1996 and 2014, Patrick led Stanford teams across at least 25 Alpine passes in search of topographic clues matching the texts of Polybius and Livy who wrote about Hannibal nearly two millennia ago. His book on Hannibal will be released July 2017.
Patrick has been an elected Fellow of the Royal Geographical Society since 1989, named by the Biblical Archaeology Society to WHO'S WHO IN BIBLICAL STUDIES AND ARCHAEOLOGY (1993). He has served as President of the Archaeological Institute of America's Stanford Society since 1995.
George J. Mitchell Oral History Project
Interview with Patrick Hunt by Mike Hastings
What Can an Ancient General Teach Us About Modern Leadership?
Jan 18, 2018
Few military leaders hold as much allure for historians as Hannibal Barca of Carthage (today’s Tunisia). Born in 247 B.C., he is still studied today because of his unparalleled ability to strategize and get inside the mind of his opponent in battle. Archaeologist Patrick N. Hunt, who had been the director of Stanford’s Alpine Archaeology Project, has written a new book about the legendary figure that is simply titled Hannibal. He joined the Knowledge@Wharton show on SiriusXM channel 111 to explain why Hannibal was so intriguing and why his story still endures. An edited transcript of the conversation follows.
Knowledge@Wharton: Why did you want to write a book about Hannibal, and why was he considered to be such a great military leader?
Patrick N. Hunt: He’s really an enigma because here’s a guy who wins almost every battle, except the last one. Here’s a guy who is enormously capable of wonderful tactics that totally strike fear into the heart of his enemy, but he doesn’t win the war. All history, in my whole purview, is economic history. The bottom line is ultimately history. Hannibal was successful until his silver ran out — the Spanish silver from the Spanish silver mines. Once the Romans took those silver mines and stopped that flow of his supply chain, Hannibal’s military intelligence dried up. He could no longer find out and exploit the weaknesses of his enemies because he didn’t have enough dirt on them.
FOLLOW K@W
Knowledge@Wharton on LinkedIn
We invite you to follow us on LinkedIn to get updates on the latest stories, special reports, partner collaborations, podcasts, videos and events. We encourage you to share relevant content with people in your network.
Follow us.
find K@W on Twitter and Facebook too.
When you read Machiavelli’s The Prince, Machiavelli goes into lengthy details surrounding Hannibal’s circumstances, how he was both a fox and a lion, stealthy but also strong. You’ve heard that famous phrase, “It’s better to be feared than loved.” Yet Hannibal might have preferred to be loved and feared.
Hannibal is the actual story about which Machiavelli is writing. People don’t always realize that. Hannibal struck fear into the hearts of Rome, the fear of Hannibal at the gates. Hannibal went with his father at a very early age, between 9 and 10, to Spain from Carthage and saw how much silver was coming out of those mines. Carthage was run as a mercantile society. For them, economics is the bottom line. And Hannibal, with his father, built up a war chest in Spain to take the war back to Rome, the second war called Hannibal’s War.
Hannibal could buy his spies. He had a huge spy network [built using] that Spanish silver. When you think about it, you don’t need a financial algorithm here, it’s plain as day. Hannibal’s successes ran out when he could no longer purchase grain, purchase food, when he had to depend upon just burning and looting instead of being able to buy things. Without Spanish silver, Hannibal suddenly was no longer successful.
“Carthage was run as a mercantile society. For them, economics is bottom line.”
Knowledge@Wharton: What drew his father to go to Spain in the first place?
Hunt: That’s fascinating, too, because Hannibal was a very successful general in the First Punic War. When that war was over, reluctantly, because he felt that Carthage threw in the towel too early, he came back and put down some mercenary revolts. Most of the Carthaginian army was paid. It was mercenary, and that’s very unusual. They didn’t have a high population density like other places, including the archenemy, Rome. Their soldiers had to be paid. You have a lot of soldiers who might be fighting for loot booty. But his father goes to Spain because the council of elders in Carthage are very uncomfortable with this successful charismatic general, Hannibal’s father, around. We don’t know for sure whose idea it was, but when he takes off for Spain to help run the colony there, the council of elders is thrilled to get this potential dictator out of the way.
Knowledge@Wharton: This is a period of strength for the Roman Empire. Carthage was in Tunisia, which was close to the core of the Roman Empire.
Hunt: Exactly. National Geographic supported quite a bit of my research, and I’m one of their expedition experts. Carthage is only 100 miles from Sicily, and that’s way too close for comfort. Everybody will remember the later anecdote of Cato, who holds up a ripe fig in the Senate and says, “This came from Carthage, and it’s still edible.” That’s how uncomfortably close Carthage was to Rome.
KNOWLEDGE@WHARTON HIGH SCHOOL
Access to Resources
Do you know any high school students, teachers or parents who might be interested in learning more about business and personal finance? KWHS is our free resource offering articles, lesson plans, competitions and more designed to encourage financial literacy.
user Help spread knowledge.
in partnership with
Knowledge@Wharton: What was his relationship with his men?
Hunt: He can be pretty intimidating. You know he’s going to be brutal towards the enemy, so you better not cross him. But he was charismatic enough and a dedicated leader who did not accrue personal wealth through his campaigns. He distributed very fairly. Even more important for leadership, he endured the same hardships as his men. He literally would lie down on the cold, hard ground with a blanket and sleep with them. I think that’s really impressive.
“Hannibal was successful until his silver ran out — the Spanish silver from the Spanish silver mines.”
Knowledge@Wharton: One of the battles that Hannibal is associated with is in Italy, the Battle of Cannae (in the Second Punic War). That was one of the more effective events of his career, correct?
Hunt: Hannibal exploited at every battle where he could the two-consul command that Rome had. One of the commanders was always a military veteran, and on alternating days it would be a political appointee as a consul. Hannibal always found out what he could about the other opponent, got into his mind. This opponent at Cannae, Terentius Varro, was someone who was hasty and impetuous. Hannibal knew how to draw him out. Hannibal always chose the battle site first, reconnoitered, scouted it out, learned the topography, checked out the terrain, chose the best spot.
At that time of year in August — and I’ve endured it myself — even in the Mediterranean and around Sicily and in Italy there are big sand storms that can blow out of the Sahara Desert. Hannibal chose his position carefully. He boxed the Romans in, with their almost 80,000 men, in a valley where they couldn’t outflank him because there’s the river on one side and the hills on the other. He compressed them into this box. And of course, he had the advantage of cavalry. But the Romans with far more men outnumbering them could outflank Hannibal if they had the space. Hannibal wouldn’t let them do it.
He made Varro come to battle when the other general said, “No, don’t do it. We’re not ready.” So, Hannibal primes the battle scene, gets a premature Roman Army that’s not terribly trained, a lot of recruits, the sand is blowing in the Roman Army’s eyes because they’re facing south. He has some of his soldiers on his two sides disguised like Romans because they took so much armor from previous battles.
And Hannibal does this thing. He has this bulge at the first part of the battle. His slingers, using slingshots, take out the real general with a face wound. He’s bleeding profusely. He’s out of commission. Everything is dependent on this political appointee, Terentius Varro. Hannibal makes the army chase him into this box, so he pulls back in the center, leaving his two sides out there. The Romans move in until they are surrounded on three sides, and the wind with the dust in their faces. Maybe they didn’t even realize that the two flanks of Hannibal are actually not their own men.
Hannibal’s cavalry had chased the Roman horsemen totally off the field, and Terentius Varro had fled the battle completely, so the Roman soldiery is leader-less. Hannibal closes that box on all four sides with his return cavalry, and the compressed Roman Army can really only fight on the outside of that box. They are so close together in the middle, they can’t even raise their weapons. And Hannibal just butchers 55,000 Roman soldiers.
Knowledge@Wharton: You have spoken glowingly about his tactics. If you were to bring him forward into the realm of war since World War II, where would he fit in terms of being an effective general?
Hunt: Excellent question. I think that he’s been so carefully studied around the world even today. I speak often at the U.S. Naval War College in Newport, R.I., and you wouldn’t believe how many officers come to hear about, “How did Hannibal do this? What are his tactics?” I knew one of the military attaches for Gen. Norman Schwarzkopf, and Schwarzkopf believed that Hannibal’s tactics, like the famous Hannibal Double Envelopment, were important.
“All history is economic history, that bottom line is everything.”
We often remember, not all so fondly, the German blitzkrieg. That was probably a maneuver adapted from Hannibal, the lightning quick move to come in. You have to move fast, but you move effectively and you do your recon first. The name Barca, his family name, clan name, actually means lightning strike. Napoleon, too, loved Hannibal. In fact, Napoleon hedged his bets and went over at least four Alpine passes to make sure he followed in Hannibal’s footsteps
I mentioned that all history is economic history, that the bottom line is everything. I may be one of the few historians who really takes that seriously. People think that literature is important, but what we forget in the history is writing was invented not for literature but for accounting.
Accounting comes first, thousands of years of people scratching in ledgers. You can see that the numeracy came long before literacy. If you are applying Hannibal to modern day history, modern day battles, it is intriguing to me that everyone recognizes how brilliant his tactics were, how he could thoroughly take an enemy and surprise them and then strike fear into them, paralyzing them with the fear in the pit of the stomach. But again, if you don’t have the financial resources to carry on a war, to sustain it for years, if you can’t count on the people back home supporting it, if you can’t count on a supply line that keeps your soldiers paid — forget it.
Knowledge@Wharton: The twist at the end of the story of Hannibal is the fact that he is exiled after he loses his last war. I guess the people of Carthage were like, “you lost. Why do we want you anymore?
Hunt: That’s right. They even tried to ship him off to Rome. Intriguingly, Hannibal spends the rest of his life in exile as a mercenary. He has to hire himself out to try to foment rebellion against Rome, to Macedon, to Bithynia, and his life is sort of a sad story. It’s a tragic story. It’s an enigma. This is a man who never gave up fomenting trouble for Rome. But again, he has to have the resources to do it.
There’s another funny story about Hannibal: He got tipped off that they were going to take him away, so he fled Carthage to the island of Crete. The Greeks knew he had wealth with him. You store your wealth in a temple where it’s safe. Well, the Cretans tried to get into that temple and steal his wealth, but he had hidden most of the money in his villa, buried in the ground. What was in the temple were just these big clay pots with just a little bit of silver on the top. Everything underneath was just garbage.
Knowledge@Wharton: When you think history, there weren’t too many generals that could match up with the Roman Empire at that time like Hannibal could.
Hunt: No, and Rome had endless manpower and was never going to throw in the towel.
Hannibal
Jay Freeman
Booklist.
113.19-20 (June 2017): p44.
COPYRIGHT 2017 American Library Association
http://www.ala.org/ala/aboutala/offices/publishing/booklist_publications/booklist/booklist.cfm
Full Text:
Hannibal. By Patrick N. Hunt. July 2017.349p. illus. Simon & Schuster, $28 (9781439102176); e-book
(9781439109779). 937.
By the last quarter of the third century BCE, the city state of Rome had gained mastery over most of the
Italian peninsula and acquired Sicily by defeating Carthage in the first Punic War, but it was about to
experience the greatest threat to its existence. As the second Punic War raged on, Hannibal emerged as one
of the most remarkable military figures in history. Acknowledged Hannibal expert Hunt, an archaeologist,
historian, and teacher at Stanford University, examines in depth Hannibal's activities in Carthage and Spain,
though the central focus is on his invasion of Italy after crossing the Alps. For 15 years, Hannibal and his
polyglot army consistently defeated numerically superior Roman forces. Hunt admiringly describes
Hannibal's tactical and strategic brilliance as well as his uncanny ability to use weather and other natural
conditions to his advantage. In the end, Hunt asserts that Hannibal's defeat was owing to political and
military factors in Spain and Carthage beyond his control. This easily digestible and engrossing biography
is ideal for general readers with an interest in ancient history.--Jay Freeman
Source Citation (MLA 8th
Edition)
Freeman, Jay. "Hannibal." Booklist, June 2017, p. 44. General OneFile,
http://link.galegroup.com/apps/doc/A498582660/ITOF?u=schlager&sid=ITOF&xid=7a9009bb.
Accessed 28 Jan. 2018.
Gale Document Number: GALE|A498582660
1/28/2018 General OneFile - Saved Articles
http://go.galegroup.com/ps/marklist.do?actionCmd=GET_MARK_LIST&userGroupName=schlager&inPS=true&prodId=ITOF&ts=1517175437396 2/3
Hunt, Patrick N.: HANNIBAL
Kirkus Reviews.
(May 15, 2017):
COPYRIGHT 2017 Kirkus Media LLC
http://www.kirkusreviews.com/
Full Text:
Hunt, Patrick N. HANNIBAL Simon & Schuster (Adult Nonfiction) $28.00 7, 11 ISBN: 978-1-4391-0217-
6
An archaeologist and historian shares his vast knowledge of the life of the leader of the second Punic War
(213-202 B.C.E.).Hunt, a fellow of the Royal Geographical Society, displays an ability to teach without
preaching and entertain without lowering literary standards, making for an exciting biography of one of
history's greatest commanders. Hannibal was the son of Hamilcar Barca, who led the first Punic War and
made his son swear an oath to destroy Rome after Carthage was defeated. Hamilcar believed that Carthage,
a society dominated by merchants, capitulated much too quickly; it lost its mastery of the seas and
monopoly of trade to the Romans and had to pay a large indemnity. Hamilcar was sent to their Spanish
holdings to gather that indemnity from the silver mines, and he took his young son with him. There,
Hannibal learned the finer arts of war, which he used to cross the Alps and wage more than 15 years of war
in Italy. Drawing on the writings of Polybius and the often negative Livy, Hunt makes good use of primary
sources. Hannibal surprised his enemies with hidden armies, relied on his spies and on local Celts, and even
employed stampeded cattle with burning brush on their horns to destroy armies. Rome was blindsided by
the Punic army and defeated in a series of battles, including the infamous Cannae. What Hannibal didn't
understand is that Rome never considered itself defeated, no matter how many losses they suffered.
Eventually, there was one Roman, Scipio, who paid attention to his methods, returned to the Fabian method
of nonengagement, and mirrored Hannibal's mastery of deception and psychological warfare. Scipio
actually met with Hannibal before their final battle at Zama in 202 and again in his exile--oh, to have been a
fly on the wall at that first meeting. Hunt does his best to grant us that wish. A thrilling page-turner about
one of history's most brilliant strategists and tacticians.
Source Citation (MLA 8th
Edition)
"Hunt, Patrick N.: HANNIBAL." Kirkus Reviews, 15 May 2017. General OneFile,
http://link.galegroup.com/apps/doc/A491934092/ITOF?u=schlager&sid=ITOF&xid=84f37806.
Accessed 28 Jan. 2018.
Gale Document Number: GALE|A491934092
1/28/2018 General OneFile - Saved Articles
http://go.galegroup.com/ps/marklist.do?actionCmd=GET_MARK_LIST&userGroupName=schlager&inPS=true&prodId=ITOF&ts=1517175437396 3/3
Hannibal
Publishers Weekly.
264.19 (May 8, 2017): p49.
COPYRIGHT 2017 PWxyz, LLC
http://www.publishersweekly.com/
Full Text:
Hannibal
Patrick N. Hunt. Simon & Schuster, $28
(384p) ISBN 978-1-4391-0217-6
Hunt (When Empires Clash), professor of archeology at Stanford and frequent television host, sketches the
great Carthaginian general Hannibal as the consummate warrior, an inspiring leader of his troops, and a
tireless plotter constantly seeking an advantage over his Roman counterpart Scipio. In his youth Hannibal
swore an eternal "vow to hate Rome," notes Hunt, and though the specifics here of his numerous battles
sometimes fade into one another, Hannibal's life consisted of little else. The flourishes that make Hunt a
popular on-air personality shine through: he describes how Hannibal's famous war elephants "snorkeled"
across the Rhone, only their trunks above water, and how Hannibal may have lobbed baskets of venomous
snakes into his adversaries' ships. The elephants, at least, came back to haunt him in his decisive defeat at
Zama, when they were spooked by the Roman cavalry and rampaged through the ranks of his own recruits.
After the war was lost, Hannibal found he had more enemies than allies in Carthage. His treatment there
reminds us "how threatened lesser minds too often deal with originality and brilliance not so easily
controlled or subverted." Hunt's story of the doomed general, whose exploits are more celebrated than those
of his vanquishers, will appeal to any reader interested in military history or strategy. (July)
Source Citation (MLA 8th
Edition)
"Hannibal." Publishers Weekly, 8 May 2017, p. 49. General OneFile,
http://link.galegroup.com/apps/doc/A491949110/ITOF?u=schlager&sid=ITOF&xid=f6a83de8.
Accessed 28 Jan. 2018.
Gale Document Number: GALE|A491949110