Contemporary Authors

Project and content management for Contemporary Authors volumes

Gordy, Katherine A.

WORK TITLE: Living Ideology in Cuba
WORK NOTES:
PSEUDONYM(S):
BIRTHDATE:
WEBSITE:
CITY:
STATE:
COUNTRY:
NATIONALITY:

https://politicalscience.sfsu.edu/people/25297/katherine-gordy * https://politicalscience.sfsu.edu/sites/default/files/people/cv/KGordyCVsummer16.pdf * https://faculty.sfsu.edu/~kgordy/

RESEARCHER NOTES:

LC control no.:    n 2014070644

Descriptive conventions:
                   rda

Personal name heading:
                   Gordy, Katherine A.

Found in:          Living ideology in Cuba, 2015: ECIP t.p. (Katherine A.
                      Gordy)

================================================================================


LIBRARY OF CONGRESS AUTHORITIES
Library of Congress
101 Independence Ave., SE
Washington, DC 20540

Questions? Contact: ils@loc.gov

 

PERSONAL

Born in New York, NY.

EDUCATION:

State University of New York at Albany, B.A., 1993; Cornell University, M.A., 2001, Ph.D., 2005.

ADDRESS

  • Office - Political Science, HUM Bldg., Rm. 304, San Francisco State University, 1600 Holloway Ave., San Francisco, CA 94132.

CAREER

City College of New York, adjunct assistant professor, 2005-06; New School, adjunct assistant professor, 2005-06; Franklin & Marshall College, visiting assistant professor, 2006-08; San Francisco State University, associate professor of political science, 2014—.

WRITINGS

  • Living Ideology in Cuba: Socialism in Principle, University of Michigan Press (Ann Arbor, MI), 2015

Contributor to books, including Comparative Political Theory in Time and Place, edited by Daniel Kapust and Helen Kinsala, Palgrave Macmillan, 2016, and Interpretation in Political Theory, edited by Clem Fatovic and Sean Walsh, Routledge, 2016.

Contributor to journals, including Postcolonial Studies, Alternatives: Global, Local, Political, and Public Culture.

SIDELIGHTS

Political theorist Katherine A. Gordy was born in New York City. She is associate professor of political science at San Francisco State University. Her research and teaching interests include comparative political theory (Latin American and Caribbean), critical theory, and theories of history and ideology. She has taught at several schools, including Franklin and Marshall College, the Graduate Program in International Affairs at the New School, and the Center for Worker Education, City College of New York. Gordy holds a bachelor’s degree from State University of New York at Albany and a master’s and doctorate from Cornell University.

In 2015 Gordy published Living Ideology in Cuba: Socialism in Principle. Despite official state propaganda and slogans, the people of Cuba have found ways to communicate their ideology of socialism. Gordy visited Cuba several times between 1996 and 2011 to collect ethnographic information on the country relating to political doctrine as the official state position, political theory in academic circles, and daily practice by the populace. The living ideology of Gordy’s title refers to the language and expression of essential principles used by the people in Cuba to communicate. These principles include fundamental principles of socioeconomic equality, unified leadership, and inclusive nationalism. According to R.E. Hartwig, writing in Choice, “The novelty of Gordy’s approach lies in taking everyday speech seriously as an expression of ideology.”

Rather than a threat, critical thought and critical contestation are central features of Cuban socialism, explains Gordy. Living ideology is a decentralized phenomenon that is always adapting, informing, and responding to daily life, but always with its eye on national principals. Gordy studies how the nineteenth century wars of independence and the 1959 revolution were used to challenge but also legitimize Cuban socialism. She then moves on to the socialist ideology of the 1960s, state policies of the 1970s that were more accommodating of market imperatives, and the 1990s when Cubans pushed back against further economic reforms, reasserting the value of socioeconomic equality. She also addresses Fidel Castro’s “Words to the Intellectuals” speech demanding a separation of academia and the state.

“This book represents an important contribution for studies on ideology,” according to Revista de Historia Iberoamericana Web site contributor Juan Carlos Medel of the University of California, Davis. Medel added that Gordy “develops an excellent analysis of ideology and the production of subjects and subjectivities. Her book challenges traditional negative approaches to study the concept of ideology, offering a more positive interpretation of the concept.”

BIOCRIT

PERIODICALS

  • Choice, April, 2016, R.E. Hartwig, review of Living Ideology in Cuba: Socialism in Principle and Practice, p. 1232.

ONLINE

  • Revista de Historia Iberoamericana Online, https://revistahistoria.universia.net/ (April 27, 2017), Juan Carlos Medel, review of Living Ideology in Cuba.

  • San Francisco State University Web site, https://politicalscience.sfsu.edu/ (April 27, 2017), author faculty profile.

  • Living ideology in Cuba : socialism in principle... by Katherine A Gordy Living ideology in Cuba : socialism in principle and practice - 2015 U Michigan Press, Ann Arbor, MI
  • SFSU - https://politicalscience.sfsu.edu/people/25297/katherine-gordy

    Katherine Gordy

    Associate Professor, Graduate Coordinator

    E-mail: kgordy@sfsu.edu
    Phone: (415) 338-7528
    Office: Humanities (HUM) 551
    Office Hours:

    Tuesdays 12:00PM-1:00PM

    Thursdays 11:30AM-1:30PM

    By appointment

    Katherine A. Gordy teaches courses in political theory and Latin American Studies. Her specific research and teaching interests are comparative political theory (Latin American and Caribbean political thought primarily), critical theory, and theories of history and ideology. Her book Living Ideology in Cuba: Socialism in Principle and Practice (Michigan, 2015) attributes the survival of Cuban socialist ideology to the existence of principles that are shared and negotiated in the state, academic, and popular spheres of Cuban society even when tested by hardship and shortcomings. Her peer-reviewed articles on Cuba, ideology and Latin American political thought have appeared in the journals Postcolonial Studies, Public Culture, and Alternatives. She has also contributed to the edited volumes How not to be Governed: Readings and Interpretations from a Critical Anarchist Left (Lexington, 2011), Interpretation in Political Theory (Routledge, forthcoming 2016), and Comparative Political Theory in Time and Place (Palgrave Macmillan, forthcoming 2016). Gordy received her Ph.D. from Cornell University’s Department of Government in 2005. Before coming to SFSU, she taught at Franklin and Marshall College, the Graduate Program in International Affairs at the New School and the Center for Worker Education, City College of New York. She was born and raised in New York City.

    K
    ATHERINE
    A.
    G
    ORDY
    Department of Political Science
    San Francisco State University
    1600 Holloway Ave,
    HUM 304
    San Francisco, CA 94132
    Office Phone: 415 338 7528
    Mobile: 718 213 2811
    E
    -
    mail: kgordy@sfsu.edu
    EDUCATION
    Ph.D.
    Cornell Univers
    ity
    , Department of Go
    vernment, Ithaca, New York,
    2005
    Dissertation:
    “Between Guiding Light and Blinding Dogma: Navigating the Principles of Cuban
    Socialism.”
    Committee:
    Susan Buck
    -
    Morss, Isaac Kramnick, Maria Cristina Garcia
    M
    .
    A
    .
    Cor
    nell University
    , Department of Government, 2001
    B.A.
    State University of New York at Albany
    ,
    Magna Cum Laude
    ,
    Honors in
    Political Science,
    1993
    RESEARCH AND TEACHING INTERESTS
    Modern and
    Contemporary Political Thought
    Theorie
    s of Ideology and Histo
    ry
    Critical Theory
    Comparative Political Theory
    Latin American a
    nd Caribbean Political Thought
    Theories
    of Political Economy
    Cuban S
    tudies
    Postcolonial Theory
    ACADEMIC APPOINTMENTS
    San Francis
    co State University
    Associate Professor, D
    epartment of Political Science,
    2014
    -
    present
    Graduate Coordinator,
    Department of Political Science, 2016
    -
    present
    Sabbatical, Fall 2015/Spring 2016
    Presidential Leave Award (sabbatical), Spring 2011
    Assistant Pr
    ofessor, Department of Political Science,
    2008
    -
    2014
    Franklin & Marshall College
    Visiting Assistant Professor, Department of Government
    ,
    2006
    -
    2008
    The New School
    Adjunct Assistant Professor
    ,
    Graduate Prog
    ram in International Affairs,
    2005
    -
    2006
    The City
    College of New York
    Adjunct Assistant Professor
    ,
    The Center for Worker Education
    , 2005
    -
    2006
    _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
    PUBLICATIONS
    Book
    Living Ideology
    in Cub
    a: Socialism in
    Principle
    and Practice
    . Ann Arbor:
    University of
    Michigan Press, 20
    15
    .
    Reviewed by Juan Carlos Medel,
    Revista
    de Historia IberoAmerica
    na
    , Vol. 9, no. 1: 132
    -
    133.
    Journal
    Articles
    “No Better Way to be Latin American?
    :
    European Science a
    nd
    Thought, Latin American Theory.
    Postcolonial
    Studies
    16:4
    (
    December 2013
    ).
    Katherine
    A.
    Gordy
    Curriculum Vitae
    2
    of
    6
    “Ro
    gue Specters: Cuba and North Korea at the Limits of U.S. Hegemony.”
    Co
    -
    author
    Jee Sun
    E.
    Lee.
    Alternatives
    : Global, Local, Political
    34:3 (Fall 2009).
    “’Sales + Economy +
    Efficiency = Revolution’?: Dollarization, Consumer Capitalism and Popular
    Responses in Special Period Cuba.”
    Public Culture
    18:2 (Spring 2006).
    Book Chapters
    and Encyclopedia Entries

    Strategic Deployments: The Universal/Local Nexus in the Work of Jos
    é Carlos Mariátegui
    ,” in
    Daniel
    Kapust and Helen Kinsala (eds.),
    Comparative
    Political Theory in Time and Place
    . Palgrave Macmillan,
    forthcoming 2016.
    “Marxist Interpretations of Political Theory: Locating a Tradition,” in
    Clem Fatovic and Sean Walsh
    (ed
    s.)
    Interpretation in Political Theory
    .
    Routledge,
    forthcoming 2016
    .
    “Counter
    -
    publics,”
    The
    Encyclopedia of Political Thought
    , Michael T. Gibbons (ed.), Blackwell, 2014.

    Beside the State: Anarchist Strains in Cuban Revolutionary Thought
    ,” in
    James Mar
    tel and Jimmy Casas
    Klausen (eds
    .
    )
    How Not to B
    e Governed: Reading
    s
    and Interpretations from a
    Critical Anarchist Left
    .
    New York:
    Lexington Press, 2011.
    Book
    and Documentary
    Reviews
    Review of
    We Created Chavez: A People’s History of the Bolivarian Rev
    olution
    by George Cic
    c
    ariello
    -
    Maher. In
    Contemporary Political Theory
    14 (2015).
    Review of
    Maestra
    ,
    directed by Catherine Murphy. In
    The Americas: A Quarterly Review of Inter
    -
    American Cultural History
    72:1 (January 2015)
    Review of
    The Cuban Revolution a
    s Socialist Human Development
    by Henry Veltmeyer and Mark Rushton. In
    Contemporary Sociology
    44:2 (March 2015)
    .
    Review of
    Gender and Democracy in Cuba
    by
    Ilja A. Luciak
    .
    In
    The Americas: A Quarterly Review of Inter
    -
    American
    Cultural History
    65:3 (Januar
    y 2009)
    .
    Review
    of
    Bloqueo: Looking at the U.S.
    Embargo Against Cuba
    ,
    directed by Heather Haddon and
    Rachel Dannefer. In
    The Americas: A Quarterly Review of Inter
    -
    American Cultural History
    64:2 (October 2007).
    Works Under Review or
    in
    Progress
    Empiric
    al Imaginaries:
    Situated Political Theory in Latin America
    .
    Book Manuscript

    Situated Political Theory in Latin America and the Caribbean,” in
    Leigh Jenco, Megan Thomas and Mudrad
    Idris
    (eds.),
    T
    he
    Oxford Handbook in
    Comparative Political
    Theory
    . Oxford,
    Oxford University Press, forthcoming.
    “Empirical Imaginaries
    and Indigenous Socialism
    ,”
    in progress.
    “To Work for Oneself: State Employment in Contemporary Cuba,”
    in progress.
    “Civil Society or the Corporate State?
    : Using Cuba for Analytic Clarity.
    ” co
    -
    authored with Marina Gold
    ,
    under preparation for
    American
    Ethnologist
    .
    _____________________________________________________________________________________
    CONFERENCES
    2016:

    Models, Myths and Revolutionary Movements
    ,” Caribbean Philosophical Ass
    ociation (CPA) annual
    meeting, Storrs, CT.
    Katherine
    A.
    Gordy
    Curriculum Vitae
    3
    of
    6

    The Empirical Imaginary and Indigenous Socialism,”
    Western Political Science Association
    (WPSA), San Diego, CA
    Author respondent, Roundtable:
    Living Ideology in Cuba: Socialism in Principle and Practice
    by Ka
    therine
    A. Gordy, Author Meets Critics, WPSA, San Diego, CA
    “To Work for Oneself: State Emp
    loyment in Contemporary Cuba,”
    La Perruque
    : de Certeau and
    Contemporary Practices of Resistance,
    University of San Francisco
    ,
    San Francisco,
    CA
    2015:

    Empirical
    Imaginaries
    in Postcolonial Political Theory
    ,” CPA
    annual meeting, Riviera Maya, Mexico
    2014:
    “Neither Local
    nor Universal: José
    Carlos Mariá
    tegui and the Task of Theory,” Diverse Lineages of
    Existentialism: Africana, Feminist and Continental Philosophy,
    St. Louis, MO
    “Marxist Interpretations of Political Theory: Locating a Tradition
    ,”
    WPSA
    , Seattle, WA
    Participant
    ,
    Roundtable:
    We Created Chávez: A People’s History of the Bolivarian Revolution
    by
    George
    Ciccariello
    -
    Maher
    , Author Meets Critics, WPSA,
    Seattle, WA
    2013:

    Situated Political Theory: Method i
    n the Political Thought of Mariá
    tegui and Sarmiento
    ,” American
    Political Science (APSA) annual meeting, Chicago
    , IL
    “A Method of Theorizing in the Work of Sarmiento and Mariátegui,” presented at:

    Latin American Studies Association (LASA) Congress, Washington DC

    Western Political Science Association (WPSA), Hollywood, CA
    2012:
    “No Better Way to be Latin American? European Science and Thought, Latin American Theory?”
    Association for Political Theor
    y (APT) annual conference, Columbia, South Carolina
    2011:

    Between Hegemony and Ideology: Anarchism with a Small

    A

    in Cuba
    ,” WPSA
    , San Antonio

    Beside the State: Anarchist Strains in Cuban Revolutionary Thought
    ,” Cuba Futures: Past and
    Present,
    Bildne
    r Center,
    the Graduate Center of the City University of New York (CUNY)
    Discussant, “Critical Practices After Marx,” WPSA, San Antonio
    2010:

    Gramsci and Mariátegui: Breaking Down the Theory and Experience Organizational Divide
    ,”
    WPSA,
    San Francisco
    Chair,

    Neoliberalism and Biopolitics
    ,

    WPSA, San Francisco
    2009:

    Bring it on Home: Cuban Doctors and Being Abroad
    ,”
    Latin American Studies Association (LASA)
    Conference, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
    “Justifying Economic Policy: Cuban Press Accounts of the
    SDPE,” “Measure of a Revolution”
    Conference, Queens University, Kingston, ON.

    Latin American Political Thought and the Dilemmas of a Comparative Approach
    ,”
    presented at:

    WPSA, Vancouver (Panel Organizer)

    Cultures of Democracy in the Americas Conference
    , UC Irvine
    (invited)
    Discussant, “
    Concepts and Contexts: Putting Political Ideas Back in Political Contexts
    ,” WPSA,
    Vancouver
    2008:
    “The Problem of Ideology in U.S. Political Discourse and its Reflection in Political Science,”
    WPSA
    ,
    San Diego
    Katherine
    A.
    Gordy
    Curriculum Vitae
    6
    of
    6
    Co
    nference Organizer,
    Guantanamo Bay
    Naval Base
    Symposium, SFSU, Fall ‘09
    Community
    Conference Panel Organizer/Chair:
    Organizer, ”
    Theorizing Founding, Freedom and New Orders From Liberatory Praxis
    ,” CPA, Spring
    ‘16
    Chair, “
    Theme Panel: Political Transfor
    mation and Reason
    -
    giving in Non
    -
    Western Discourses
    ,” APSA,
    Chicago, Fall ‘13
    Organizer, “The Theoretical in Latin American and Caribbean Political Thought,” LASA, Washington
    DC, Spring ‘13
    Chair, “
    Neoliberalism and Biopolitics
    ,” WPSA, San Francisco, Spring
    ‘10
    Organizer and Chair, “The Practice of Comparison in Political Theory,” WPSA, Vancouver, Spring ‘09
    Chair and
    Discussant, “Concepts and Contexts: Putting Ideas Back in Political Contexts,” WPSA, Vancouver,
    Spring ‘09
    Organizer, “Movement of the People:
    Labor Mobility, Neo
    -
    liberalism and Counter
    -
    Logics,” LASA, Rio
    de Janeiro, Spring ‘09
    Peer Reviewing
    :
    Journals:
    Cultural Anthropology
    Social Justice
    Politics, Groups and Identities
    A Contracorriente
    New Political Science
    Presses
    :
    Palgrave Macmillan Pr
    ess
    Professional Membership:
    American Politi
    cal Science Association (APSA)
    Western Political Science Association (WPSA)
    Caribbean Philosophical Association (CPA)
    Association for Political Theory (APT)
    Latin American Studies
    Association (LASA)
    ____________
    _________________________________________________________________________
    REFERENCES
    Dr. Susan
    Buck
    -
    Morss
    Department of Government
    Cornell University
    sbm5@cornell.edu
    Dr.
    Raúl Fernández
    School of Social Science
    University of California,
    Irvine
    raferna
    n@uci.edu
    Dr. Maria Cristina García
    ,
    Department of History
    Cornell University
    mcg20@cornell.edu
    Dr. James Martel
    Department of Political Science
    San Francisco State University
    jmartel@sfsu.edu
    Dr. Keally McBride
    Politics
    Depa
    rtment
    Univer
    sity of
    San Francisco
    kdmcbride@usfca.edu

  • U MIch Press - https://www.press.umich.edu/7327764/living_ideology_in_cuba

    Katherine A. Gordy is Associate Professor of Political Science at San Francisco State University.

    Living Ideology in Cuba
    Socialism in Principle and Practice
    Katherine A. Gordy
    A revealing look at the complicated and continual negotiation between the Cuban state and society over the meaning of socialism

    Description
    Look Inside

    Description
    In Living Ideology in Cuba, Katherine Gordy demonstrates how the Cuban state and its people engage in an ongoing negotiation that produces a “living ideology.” In contrast to official slogans and fiats, Cuba’s living ideology is a decentralized phenomenon, continually adapting, informing, and responding to daily life, without losing sight of the fundamental national principles of socioeconomic equality, unified leadership, and inclusive nationalism.

    Tracing Cuba’s ideological history, Gordy first looks at the ways in which the 19th century wars of independence and the 1959 revolution were used as the basis for both challenging and legitimizing Cuban socialism. Following the embrace of a pure socialist ideology in the 1960s, state policies of the 1970s became more accommodating of market imperatives, while still holding on to the principles articulated by Che Guevara and Karl Marx. In the 1990s, the Cuban people themselves pushed back against further economic reforms, reasserting the value of socioeconomic equality. Gordy also examines ideological debates among intellectuals, from the controversy sparked by Fidel Castro’s “Words to the Intellectuals” speech to the demand in the 1990s for a separation between academia and the state—not to safeguard academia from politics, but to ensure that academics as such could contribute to the political dialogue.

Gordy, Katherine A.: Living ideology in Cuba: socialism in principle and practice
R.E. Hartwig
53.8 (Apr. 2016): p1232.
Copyright: COPYRIGHT 2016 American Library Association CHOICE
http://www.ala.org/acrl/choice/about
Gordy, Katherine A. Living ideology in Cuba: socialism in principle and practice. Michigan, 2015. 284p bibl index afp ISBN 9780472072613 cloth, $80.00; ISBN 9780472052615 pbk, $40.00

53-3695

HX158

2014-44830 CIP

Gordy (San Francisco State Univ.), a political theorist, began this extensively documented book as a dissertation in the Department of Government of Cornell University. In extended visits to Cuba between 1996 and 2011, Gordy collected ethnographic information on three spheres of political thought: political doctrine (the official sphere), political theory (the academic sphere), and daily practice (the popular sphere). What she calls living ideology is essentially the language people in Cuba used to communicate and negotiate within the boundaries of the revolution. Gordy traces the origins of this language and ways the expression of component principles, such as socioeconomic equality, inclusive nationalism, and political unity, has changed over time. The novelty of Gordy's approach lies in taking everyday speech seriously as an expression of ideology. The methodology involves a "dialectical approach whereby initial theories and frameworks are constantly modified in the light of the ways that Cuban socialism is articulated and practiced." This is not an easy book, but serious students of Cuba and of comparative ideology will find it rewarding. Summing Up: ** Recommended. Upper-division undergraduates and above.--R. E. Hartwig, Texas A&M University--Kingsville

Source Citation (MLA 8th Edition)
Hartwig, R.E. "Gordy, Katherine A.: Living ideology in Cuba: socialism in principle and practice." CHOICE: Current Reviews for Academic Libraries, Apr. 2016, p. 1232. General OneFile, go.galegroup.com/ps/i.do?p=ITOF&sw=w&u=schlager&v=2.1&id=GALE%7CA449661826&it=r&asid=e7f4cc8c001b3ee3cdedd83d6abaadd6. Accessed 12 Mar. 2017.

Gale Document Number: GALE|A449661826

Hartwig, R.E. "Gordy, Katherine A.: Living ideology in Cuba: socialism in principle and practice." CHOICE: Current Reviews for Academic Libraries, Apr. 2016, p. 1232. General OneFile, go.galegroup.com/ps/i.do?p=ITOF&sw=w&u=schlager&v=2.1&it=r&id=GALE%7CA449661826&asid=e7f4cc8c001b3ee3cdedd83d6abaadd6. Accessed 12 Mar. 2017.
  • revista de historia iberoamericana
    https://revistahistoria.universia.net/article/viewFile/2071/1913

    Word count: 1071

    http://revistahistoria.universia.net
    132
    132
    RESEÑA
    Juan Carlos Medel
    University of
    California, Davis, CA,
    United States
    jmedeltoro@ucdavis.
    edu
    Living Ideology in Cuba. Socialism in Principle and
    Practice.
    Katherine A. Gordy
    This book represents an important contribution for studies on ideology.
    Katherine Gordy, professor of Political Science at San Francisco State University,
    develops an excellent analysis of ideology and the production of subjects and
    subjectivities. Her book challenges traditional negative approaches to study
    the concept of ideology, offering a more positive interpretation of the concept.
    Her main argument is that critical thought and critical contestation are central
    features of Cuban socialism, rather than a threat to it. In this way, against the
    official anti-Cuban idea of “lack of debate” in the Revolution, Gordy shows how
    open and intense have been the political debates in Cuba in the last decades.
    In the first chapter, the author studies the ideological links between
    the independence at the end of nineteenth century and the Revolution that
    started in 1959 in Cuba. In this way, she analyzes the links between nationalism
    and socialism within the narrative of the Cuban Revolution. In the second
    chapter, Gordy addresses the relationship between culture and Revolution in
    Cuba, analyzing the nature of political thought and its different contexts during
    the Revolution. Specifically, she addresses the famous speech “Words to
    Intellectuals” by Fidel Castro in the first years of the Revolution. Against the
    traditional narrative that stresses that this speech marked the end of political
    debate in the young Cuban Revolution, she convincingly argues that this speech
    actually opened the debate about culture and the role of intellectuals in the
    Revolution. According to her, this speech invigorated the political debate about
    the meanings of Cuban socialism in the island.
    In chapter three, the author addresses the economic ideas of Ernesto
    Che Guevara. Using the debate about the choice between (Soviet) economic
    calculus and (Guevara) budgetary system to build a socialist economy that the
    Cuban state confronted during the 60s, Gordy analyzes the
    socialist principles
    of the Cuban Revolution. Gordy points out that, according to Guevara, the
    differences between the Soviet alternative and his budgetary system were
    not in the means but in the ends. Thus, Gordy shows how the traditional and
    apparent dichotomy between idealism (Guevara) and pragmatism (Soviet) is
    DOI
    10.3232/RHI.2016.
    V9.N1.08
    Viviendo la ideología en Cuba. Socialismo en principios y práctica
    Vivendo a ideologia em Cuba. Socialismo em princípios e prática
    Ann Arbor, University of Michigan Press, 2015, 284 páginas,
    ISBN: 978-0472072613
    133
    HIb. REVISTA DE HISTORIA IBEROAMERICANA | ISSN: 1989-2616 | Semestral | Año 2016 | Vol. 9 | Núm. 1
    a good example, and a fundamental part, of the negative narrative about socialist ideology in
    Cuba. Gordy demonstrates how there was not a dichotomy at all. As a matter of fact, Guevara’s
    budgetary system was sometimes even more pragmatic than economic calculus. Therefore,
    Gordy highlights the socialist principles, like Guevara’s moral incentives for example, that explain
    the resilience of the Cuban Revolution. In addition, analyzing the economic ideas of Che Guevara
    and their role in socialist ideology, Gordy examines the dynamic of ideological production and
    ideological negotiations between the Cuban state and different intellectual institutions in Cuba.
    According to her, ideological negotiations make political actors, like the press or the academic
    world for instance, no less accountable for the way they choose to navigate a particular ideology.
    Following this dynamic, Gordy addresses the tensions between academic neutrality and
    the calls for national unity in the island. In chapter four, the author studies some events during the
    90s when intellectuals of the Centro de Estudios sobre América (CEA) in Cuba confronted the
    censorship of the Cuban state. During the Special Period a group of sociologists and economists,
    defending the principles of the Cuban Revolution, criticized the Communist Party and the
    government. After describing these events, she examines the tensions and the differences
    between
    intellectuals
    and
    functionaries
    in the island. In this way, the author analyzes the dynamic
    between academic work and political discourse, highlighting that academic production in Cuba
    goes beyond any kind of political discourse and cannot be reduced to propaganda.
    Thereby, using different events as examples in chapter five, Gordy offers an interpretation
    of socialism as a “living ideology, where different subjects challenged the state’s monopoly on
    socialist ideology”. In other words, socialist ideology produced new subjects and new subjectivities
    that, at the same time, developed their own idea of socialism beyond, and sometimes against, the
    Cuban state. As happened with these new subjects, Gordy’s own concept of ideology represents
    a different and more powerful understanding of ideology’s meaning. She examines how the state
    tended to
    fetishize
    ideology in Cuba and elsewhere. According to her, the leadership treated
    ideology as distinct from practice. Popular articulations of ideology, however, saw socialism as
    something contingent and sometimes even contradictory to the state’s interpretation; as something
    lived and living.
    In this way, contradictions in daily life in Cuba, contradictions between principles and
    practice, are the core of Gordy’s investigation. She exposes the contradictions between official
    rhetoric coming from the state and the daily life of Cuban people. Using Walter Benjamin to read
    dialectical images
    (photographies, slogans, songs) Gordy offers another view of ideology. In her
    book, Cuban socialist ideology no longer appears monolithic. Therefore, Gordy’s important work
    gives us “an alternative way to criticize the Cuban state”. She points out that the greater threat
    to socialism is not dissidence, but the absence of discussion. Also, she offers a more positive
    meaning of ideology. According to her, “it is ideology that enables us to make political judgments.
    Moreover, it facilitates not just judgment but action.” Finally, her book is an excellent and necessary
    example of the urgency of “understanding Cuban society as diverse and multifaceted, both in
    spite of and because of, its socialist legacy.